Lever
Lifestyle
- Regular physical activity
- Weight management
- Adequate sleep
Blutwerte · Marker
Adiponektin
Adiponectin · APN · GBP-28
Adipokine & Metabolische HormoneNüchtern erforderlich
- Einheit:
- mg/L
- Abbreviation
- APN
Adiponectin quantifies the levels of a hormone secreted by adipose tissue involved in metabolic regulation.
Reference Ranges
Reference
2.5–25mg/L
2.5
5
15
25
LowNormalHigh
Reference
Optimal
Unit · mg/LRanges may vary by sex and age; typically higher in females.
Overview
Übersicht
Adiponectin (APN), also known as GBP-28, is an adipokine primarily secreted by white adipose tissue, with significant roles in metabolic processes. It is involved in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiatherogenic, pro-angiogenic, vasoprotective, and insulin-sensitizing activities. Researchers found that adiponectin levels are influenced by genetic polymorphisms, obesity, diet, exercise, and cardiovascular risk factors such as sleep deprivation and smoking. Clinically, adiponectin is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. It is inversely related to body weight and cardiovascular risk factors, and positively related to HDL cholesterol levels. In the context of athletic performance and biohacking, adiponectin's role in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism is crucial. Elevated levels are associated with weight loss, while lower levels are linked to obesity, potentially affecting athletic performance and longevity strategies. However, researchers observed that adiponectin levels may paradoxically increase in severe heart failure, complicating its interpretation. Confounders include genetic factors, lifestyle influences, and disease states. Time-of-day and fasting status may also affect measurements, necessitating standardized testing conditions.
Klinische Bedeutung
Elevated adiponectin levels are associated with improved insulin sensitivity and reduced cardiovascular risk, but paradoxically, higher levels may indicate poor prognosis in heart failure. Reduced levels are linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and increased cardiovascular risk.
Dynamics
Trend Interpretation
Rising Values
Progressively rising adiponectin levels may indicate worsening heart failure. Retest in 4 weeks if outside optimal range.
Falling Values
Progressively falling levels may suggest worsening insulin resistance or increased cardiovascular risk.
Re-test Interval
4 weeks if outside optimal range
Etiology
Causes — High & Low
Cause
Elevated Levels
- Heart failure
- Weight loss
- Physical activity
- Certain medications
Cause
Low Levels
- Obesity
- Type 2 diabetes
- Metabolic syndrome
- High visceral fat
Protocol
How to Optimize
Lever
Nutrition
- High-fiber diet
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Low glycemic index foods
Lever
Supplementation
- Fish oil
- Berberine
Note:
Consult a healthcare provider before starting new supplements, especially if you have underlying health conditions.
Testing Guidelines
🍽️Fasting Required
✓Not Time-Sensitive
Adiponectin levels may vary throughout the day; morning fasting samples are recommended.
Testing Frequency
Annually for those with metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular risk factors.
Interfering Factors
- Recent intense exercise
- Acute illness
Related Peptides & Hormones
Leptin
hormone or peptideCorrelated with
Open Research Questions
Current research suggests that the associations between adiponectin levels and the prevalence and outcomes of cardiometabolic diseases remain debated, particularly regarding optimal reference ranges and the influence of confounders like obesity and lifestyle factors. Researchers have not yet established the precise mechanisms linking adiponectin to breast cancer progression or its role in bone metabolism, indicating a need for further investigation. Unanswered clinical questions include the therapeutic potential of targeting adiponectin in various diseases and its prognostic value in heart failure.
40 Research Publications
1,966
Total Citations
9
Human/RCT
5.1
Avg. Influence
2025
Latest
Sort
Filter
01Top
#01
Adiponectin: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.
Turer A T & Scherer P E · Diabetologia · 2012
ReviewInfluence35.0
601
This review summarized the diverse functions of adiponectin and its role as a biomarker in various diseases. Researchers highlighted its positive metabolic effects and its established link to insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health. The complexity of adiponectin's mechanisms of action warrants further exploration to fully understand its clinical implications.
Key findings
- 01Researchers observed that adiponectin is associated with positive metabolic effects.
- 02The protein has been established as a reliable biomarker for insulin sensitivity.
- 03Epidemiological data indicate a connection between adiponectin levels and cardiovascular disease.
02Top
#02
Adiponectin: Structure, Physiological Functions, Role in Diseases, and Effects of Nutrition.
Khoramipour Kayvan, et al. · Nutrients · 2021
ReviewInfluence11.0
267
This review explored the structure and functions of adiponectin, a protein secreted by fat tissues. Researchers found that adiponectin plays a role in various physiological processes and is negatively correlated with diseases like cancer and diabetes. The review suggests that adiponectin could serve as a biomarker for diagnosing these conditions.
Key findings
- 01Adiponectin is involved in lipid metabolism, energy regulation, and inflammation.
- 02Higher adiponectin levels are associated with a reduced risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
- 03Healthy nutrition can significantly increase adiponectin levels.
03Top
#03
Adiponectin, lipids and atherosclerosis.
ReviewInfluence4.0
154
Researchers found that adiponectin is an important biomarker linked to various cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity-related disorders and atherosclerosis. The study highlights conflicting results regarding the relationship between adiponectin levels and disease outcomes, suggesting further research is needed to clarify its clinical implications.
04
#04
Adiponectin as a routine clinical biomarker.
Kishida Ken, et al. · Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2014
ReviewInfluence4.0
152
This review highlighted the significance of adiponectin as a clinical biomarker for obesity-related diseases. Researchers noted that low adiponectin levels are associated with various conditions, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, while high levels correlate with other health issues. Routine measurement of adiponectin is recommended for patients with lifestyle-related diseases.
Key findings
- 01Low levels of adiponectin are linked to several serious health conditions, including type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
- 02High levels of adiponectin can be associated with different health issues, such as cardiac and pulmonary diseases.
- 03Routine measurement of adiponectin is recommended for better management of lifestyle-related diseases.
05
06
#06
Effects of acute sleep loss on leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in adults with healthy weight and obesity: A laboratory study.
HumanInfluence1.0
87
This study examined the effects of acute sleep deprivation on blood levels of leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in adults. Researchers found that after sleep loss, adiponectin levels increased, particularly among normal-weight participants, while leptin levels decreased. The findings suggest that these hormonal changes may contribute to weight gain if sleep deprivation persists.
07
#07
The Activity of Adiponectin in Bone.
ReviewInfluence3.0
72
Researchers found that adiponectin levels are negatively associated with bone mineral density, suggesting it may act as a negative regulator of bone metabolism. The study indicates that the relationship between adiponectin and bone health is complex and requires further investigation.
08
#08
Leptin and adiponectin: pathophysiological role and possible therapeutic target of inflammation in ischemic stroke.
ReviewInfluence3.0
65
This review addressed the roles of leptin and adiponectin in ischemic stroke. Researchers found that these adipocytokines are linked to inflammation and atherosclerosis. The study suggests that measuring their levels may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for stroke.
09
#09
Adiponectin as a biomarker linking obesity and adiposopathy to hematologic malignancies.
Dalamaga Maria & Christodoulatos Gerasimos S · Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation · 2015
ReviewInfluence2.0
59
This review discussed the link between adiponectin and hematologic malignancies. Researchers found that low adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of certain cancers. The study suggests that adiponectin may serve as a biomarker for cancer progression in overweight individuals.
Key findings
- 01Higher body mass index and adiposopathy are associated with an increased risk of blood cancers like leukemia and multiple myeloma.
- 02Adiponectin may play a role in linking obesity to the development of these cancers through its effects on inflammation and insulin sensitivity.
- 03Researchers observed that low levels of adiponectin are related to a higher risk of certain hematologic malignancies, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic tool.
10
#10
Extracellular functions of 14-3-3 adaptor proteins.
ReviewInfluence1.0
52
This review discussed the extracellular functions of 14-3-3 adaptor proteins and their potential as biomarkers. Researchers found that 14-3-3 proteins can be released into the extracellular environment and have significant biological activities relevant to tissue homeostasis and disease. The study emphasizes the need for further exploration of these proteins in drug development.
Publication Trend
Research publications about Adiponektin over time
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