Lever
Lifestyle
- Regular physical exercise
- Weight management
- Smoking cessation
Blutwerte · Marker
Adiponektin
Adiponectin · APN · GBP-28
Adipokine & Metabolische HormoneNüchtern erforderlich
- Einheit:
- μg/mL
- Abbreviation
- APN
Adiponectin quantifies the concentration of an adipokine involved in glucose regulation and fatty acid oxidation.
Reference Ranges
Reference
4–30μg/mL
4
5
20
30
LowNormalHigh
Reference
Optimal
Unit · μg/mLLevels can vary based on sex, body composition, and lifestyle factors.
Overview
Übersicht
Adiponectin, also known as APN or GBP-28, is an adipokine predominantly secreted by adipocytes. It plays a crucial role in regulating glucose levels and fatty acid breakdown. Biologically, adiponectin is involved in enhancing insulin sensitivity and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. Researchers have found that adiponectin levels are inversely correlated with body fat percentage, particularly visceral fat, and are influenced by factors such as genetic polymorphisms, diet, and physical activity. Clinically, adiponectin is significant as it is associated with various metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Elevated levels of adiponectin are linked to reduced risk of atherosclerosis and improved insulin sensitivity, whereas low levels are associated with increased risk of obesity-related conditions. For athletes and biohackers, adiponectin is of interest due to its role in energy metabolism and potential implications for enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation, which could contribute to improved performance and recovery. However, researchers observed that adiponectin's relationship with bone density and its paradoxical association with body weight present challenges. Confounding factors such as sleep deprivation, smoking, and medication use can affect adiponectin levels, and fasting status may also influence measurements. Time-of-day variations have not been extensively documented, but consistent testing conditions are recommended for accurate assessment.
Klinische Bedeutung
Low adiponectin levels suggest increased risk for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. High levels are generally protective but may be associated with certain conditions like cardiac and renal diseases.
Dynamics
Trend Interpretation
Rising Values
Increasing adiponectin levels may indicate improved insulin sensitivity and reduced inflammation. Re-test in 6 months if levels are significantly elevated.
Falling Values
Decreasing levels could suggest worsening metabolic health or increased risk of obesity-related conditions.
Re-test Interval
6 months if outside optimal range
Etiology
Causes — High & Low
Cause
Elevated Levels
- Weight loss
- Physical activity
- Certain medications
- Chronic kidney disease
- Cardiac conditions
Cause
Low Levels
- Obesity
- Type 2 diabetes
- Metabolic syndrome
- Sleep deprivation
- Smoking
Protocol
How to Optimize
Lever
Nutrition
- High-fiber diet
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Low glycemic index foods
Lever
Supplementation
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Resveratrol
Note:
Consult a healthcare provider before making significant lifestyle changes.
Testing Guidelines
🍽️Fasting Required
✓Not Time-Sensitive
Adiponectin levels can vary throughout the day; morning fasting samples are recommended for consistency.
Testing Frequency
Annually for individuals with metabolic risk factors.
Interfering Factors
- Recent weight changes
- Medication use
- Smoking
Related Peptides & Hormones
Leptin
hormone or peptideCorrelated with
Open Research Questions
Current research suggests that the relationship between adiponectin levels and various cardiometabolic diseases remains debated, particularly regarding reference ranges and the influence of confounders such as obesity and lifestyle factors. Researchers have not yet established optimal targets for adiponectin in clinical practice, and emerging research directions include its potential role in cancer prevention and bone metabolism. Unanswered clinical questions include the mechanisms underlying adiponectin's protective effects and its variability in different populations.
17 Research Publications
1,593
Total Citations
3
Human/RCT
6.3
Avg. Influence
2025
Latest
Sort
Filter
01Top
#01
Adiponectin: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.
Turer A T & Scherer P E · Diabetologia · 2012
ReviewInfluence35.0
601
This review highlighted the various functions of adiponectin and its role as a biomarker. Researchers found that adiponectin is associated with positive metabolic effects and is linked to insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health. The review summarizes key epidemiological data supporting adiponectin's role as a robust clinical biomarker.
Key findings
- 01Researchers observed that adiponectin is associated with positive metabolic effects.
- 02The protein has been established as a reliable biomarker for insulin sensitivity.
- 03Epidemiological data indicate a connection between adiponectin levels and cardiovascular disease.
02Top
#02
Adiponectin: Structure, Physiological Functions, Role in Diseases, and Effects of Nutrition.
Khoramipour Kayvan, et al. · Nutrients · 2021
ReviewInfluence11.0
267
This review explored the structure and functions of adiponectin, a protein secreted by fat tissues. Researchers found that adiponectin plays a role in various physiological processes and is negatively correlated with diseases like cancer and diabetes. The review suggests that adiponectin could serve as a biomarker for diagnosing these conditions.
Key findings
- 01Adiponectin is involved in lipid metabolism, energy regulation, and inflammation.
- 02Higher adiponectin levels are associated with a reduced risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
- 03Healthy nutrition can significantly increase adiponectin levels.
03Top
#03
Adiponectin, lipids and atherosclerosis.
ReviewInfluence4.0
153
This review discussed the multifaceted role of adiponectin in relation to obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Researchers found that adiponectin has anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties, and its levels are influenced by various factors including diet and exercise. The review highlights the potential of adiponectin as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases.
04
#04
Adiponectin as a routine clinical biomarker.
Kishida Ken, et al. · Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2014
ReviewInfluence4.0
152
This review article emphasized the significance of adiponectin as a clinical biomarker for obesity-related diseases. Researchers found that low levels of adiponectin are linked to various health issues, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The review recommends routine measurement of adiponectin in patients with lifestyle-related diseases.
Key findings
- 01Low levels of adiponectin are linked to several serious health conditions, including type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
- 02High levels of adiponectin can be associated with different health issues, such as cardiac and pulmonary diseases.
- 03Routine measurement of adiponectin is recommended for better management of lifestyle-related diseases.
05
#05
Effects of acute sleep loss on leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in adults with healthy weight and obesity: A laboratory study.
HumanInfluence1.0
75
This study examined the effects of acute sleep deprivation on blood levels of leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in adults. Researchers found that after one night of sleep loss, levels of adiponectin increased significantly, particularly among normal-weight participants, while leptin levels decreased. The findings suggest that these hormonal changes may contribute to weight gain if sleep deprivation persists.
06
#06
The Activity of Adiponectin in Bone.
ReviewInfluence3.0
72
This study investigated the relationship between adiponectin levels and bone health. Researchers found that lower adiponectin levels are associated with higher fat mass and negatively correlate with bone mineral density. The findings suggest that adiponectin may play a complex role in bone metabolism, warranting further research.
07
#07
Leptin and adiponectin: pathophysiological role and possible therapeutic target of inflammation in ischemic stroke.
ReviewInfluence3.0
65
This review addressed the roles of leptin and adiponectin in ischemic stroke. Researchers found that these adipocytokines are linked to inflammation and atherosclerosis. The study suggests that measuring their levels may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for stroke.
08
#08
Adiponectin as a biomarker linking obesity and adiposopathy to hematologic malignancies.
Dalamaga Maria & Christodoulatos Gerasimos S · Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation · 2015
ReviewInfluence2.0
59
This review discussed the link between adiponectin and hematologic malignancies. Researchers found that low adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of certain cancers. The study suggests that adiponectin may serve as a biomarker for cancer progression in overweight individuals.
Key findings
- 01Higher body mass index and adiposopathy are associated with an increased risk of blood cancers like leukemia and multiple myeloma.
- 02Adiponectin may play a role in linking obesity to the development of these cancers through its effects on inflammation and insulin sensitivity.
- 03Researchers observed that low levels of adiponectin are related to a higher risk of certain hematologic malignancies, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic tool.
09
#09
The role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease.
Peng Jin, et al. · Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology · 2023
ReviewInfluence2.0
43
This review explored the role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Researchers found that adiponectin has protective effects against CVD by improving lipid metabolism and endothelial function. The review suggests that adiponectin could be a valuable therapeutic target and biomarker for diagnosing and treating CVD.
Key findings
- 01Researchers observed that adiponectin can improve lipid metabolism, which is crucial for heart health.
- 02The hormone protects blood vessel cells and inhibits processes that contribute to CVD.
- 03Adiponectin may serve as a promising target for new treatments and diagnostic tools for cardiovascular disease.
10
#10
The role of adiponectin in placentation and preeclampsia.
Review
35
This review examined the role of adiponectin in preeclampsia. Researchers found that adiponectin levels change during pregnancy and are linked to the disease's symptoms. The study suggests adiponectin could be a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for managing preeclampsia.
Publication Trend
Research publications about Adiponektin over time
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