Prolaktin

Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotrophin, is a polypeptide hormone primarily synthesized and secreted by lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in lactation and reproductive functions, but also has diverse effects on metabolism, immune regulation, and behavior. Researchers have found that PRL exists in multiple isoforms, including the full-length 23-kDa PRL and smaller fragments called vasoinhibins, which have distinct biological activities. Clinically, prolactin levels are significant in diagnosing and managing conditions such as hyperprolactinemia, prolactinomas, and metabolic syndrome. Elevated prolactin levels can indicate pituitary disorders, hypothyroidism, or medication effects, while low levels may be associated with hypopituitarism or certain medications. In the context of athletic performance and biohacking, prolactin's role in metabolism and mood regulation is of interest. Researchers have observed that prolactin can influence body composition and energy balance, making it a potential target for optimizing metabolic health and longevity. However, prolactin levels can be influenced by various factors, including stress, sleep, and time of day, with levels typically peaking during sleep. Therefore, consistent timing and conditions for testing are essential for accurate assessment.