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Blutwerte · Marker
TPO-Antikörper
Anti-TPO · TPO-Antikörper · Thyreoglobulin-Antikörper · Anti-Thyroid Antibodies
Hormone — Schilddrüse
- Einheit:
- IU/mL
- Abbreviation
- TPO-AK
TPO-AK quantifies the presence of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme essential for thyroid hormone production.
Reference Ranges
Reference
0–35IU/mL
0
35
LowNormalHigh
Reference
Unit · IU/mLReference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. No significant sex-specific differences are noted.
Overview
Übersicht
Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-AK) are autoantibodies directed against the thyroid peroxidase enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. This biomarker is primarily used to assess autoimmune thyroid conditions, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, where the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue. Elevated levels of TPO-AK are indicative of thyroid autoimmunity and can be present even when thyroid function tests are normal. Clinically, high TPO-AK levels are associated with Hashimoto's encephalopathy, a rare condition characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms and responsive to steroid treatment. Researchers have found that TPO-AK levels do not correlate with the severity of thyroid dysfunction, but their presence can aid in diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases. For athletes and biohackers, monitoring TPO-AK may not directly impact performance or longevity unless thyroid dysfunction is present, which could affect metabolism and energy levels. It is important to note that TPO-AK levels can be influenced by factors such as age, sex, and genetic predisposition. Testing does not require fasting, but consistent timing may be beneficial for tracking changes over time. Interfering factors include recent infections or autoimmune flare-ups, which can transiently elevate antibody levels.
Klinische Bedeutung
Elevated TPO-AK levels suggest autoimmune thyroiditis, such as Hashimoto's disease, and may be associated with Hashimoto's encephalopathy. Low or absent levels are typically not clinically significant unless there is suspicion of other thyroid pathologies.
Dynamics
Trend Interpretation
Rising Values
Increasing TPO-AK levels may indicate worsening autoimmune thyroid activity. Re-test in 3-6 months if clinically indicated.
Falling Values
Decreasing levels may suggest effective management of thyroid autoimmunity.
Re-test Interval
6 months if outside optimal range
Etiology
Causes — High & Low
Cause
Elevated Levels
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Graves' disease
- Postpartum thyroiditis
- Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
- Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis
Cause
Low Levels
- Normal variation
- Effective treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis
- Non-autoimmune thyroid disease
- Laboratory error
Protocol
How to Optimize
Lever
Nutrition
- Selenium-rich foods
- Iodine-sufficient diet
- Anti-inflammatory foods
Lever
Supplementation
- Selenium
- Vitamin D
- Omega-3 fatty acids
Note:
Consult a healthcare provider before starting supplements, especially if thyroid disease is suspected.
Testing Guidelines
✓Fasting Not Required
✓Not Time-Sensitive
Testing Frequency
As advised by a healthcare provider, typically annually if monitoring autoimmune thyroid disease.
Interfering Factors
- Recent infections
- Autoimmune flare-ups
- Laboratory variability
Related Peptides & Hormones
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
hormoneCorrelated with
Open Research Questions
Current research suggests that the correlation between anti-TPO antibody levels and disease severity in conditions like Hashimoto's encephalopathy remains unclear, with reference ranges and optimal targets not well defined. Researchers have not yet established the impact of confounding factors, such as comorbidities or acute infections like COVID-19, on anti-TPO levels. Additionally, clinical questions remain regarding the predictive value of anti-TPO antibodies in treatment responses across various autoimmune conditions.
27 Research Publications
201
Total Citations
14
Human/RCT
1.1
Avg. Influence
2024
Latest
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Filter
01Top
#01
Autoimmune Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Detection with IgG Anti-TPO and Total IgE.
HumanInfluence1.0
64
Researchers investigated the association between elevated IgG anti-TPO and low total IgE levels in autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria. They found that these markers were linked to features of the disease and treatment responses. The presence of high anti-TPO and low IgE was associated with poorer treatment outcomes.
02Top
#02
Color Doppler sonography in hypothyroidism.
Cross-Sectional StudyInfluence2.0
45
In a study of hypothyroid patients, researchers used color Doppler sonography to assess thyroid vascularization and its correlation with anti-TPO antibody levels. They found a close relationship between color intensity and antibody levels, suggesting a link to autoimmune activity in hypothyroidism.
03Top
#03
Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase and Anti-Thyroglobulin Autoantibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Unipolar Depression.
Human
23
Researchers investigated the presence of anti-TPO antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with unipolar depression. They found that a subgroup of patients had elevated levels of anti-TPO, suggesting potential central autoimmunity. The findings indicate a need for further studies to confirm these results.
04
#04
IgE and IgG Anti-Thyroid Autoantibodies in Chinese Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and a Literature Review.
HumanInfluence1.0
16
This study explored the prevalence of IgE and IgG anti-thyroid autoantibodies in Chinese patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Researchers found significantly higher rates of these antibodies compared to controls. The study indicates that these autoantibodies may be linked to antihistamine-refractory cases.
05
#05
Anti-TPO IgG/Total IgE Ratio: Biomarker for Omalizumab Response Prediction in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.
Brás Rita, et al. · International archives of allergy and immunology · 2023
Retrospective Study
14
This study evaluated the utility of the IgG-anti-TPO/total IgE ratio in predicting response to omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients. Researchers found that a higher ratio was significantly associated with poorer treatment response, indicating its potential as a predictive biomarker.
Key findings
- 01A higher IgG-anti-TPO/total IgE ratio was significantly associated with a poorer response to omalizumab.
- 02Patients with a ratio above 0.154 had ten times the odds of a poor treatment response.
- 03Other inflammatory biomarkers did not show significant differences between responders and non-responders.
06
#06
Distinct Clinical Profiles of IgE and IgG Autoantibodies to Thyroid Peroxidase in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.
HumanInfluence1.0
12
Researchers found that 46% of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) had elevated levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies. They observed distinct clinical profiles associated with anti-TPO IgE and IgG, including differences in disease activity and treatment responses. Most patients had either IgE or IgG antibodies, but not both.
07
#07
Association of raised levels of IL-4 and anti-TPO with hyperprolactinemia.
Cross-Sectional Study
7
Researchers explored the association between hyperprolactinemia and autoimmune factors, finding elevated levels of anti-TPO antibodies in various cases. This suggests a potential link between hyperprolactinemia and autoimmune conditions.
08
#08
A Case of Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy.
Case ReportInfluence1.0
4
This study examined a case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy, a condition linked to autoimmune thyroiditis. Researchers found that elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies were present, and treatment with steroids led to gradual recovery. The study highlights the importance of recognizing this condition in patients with neurological symptoms.
09
#09
Hashimoto's encephalopathy.
Case ReportInfluence1.0
3
Researchers reported a case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy in a comatose patient with elevated anti-TPO antibodies. Despite normal thyroid function tests, the patient showed significant neurological improvement after steroid treatment. This case emphasizes the need to consider Hashimoto's encephalopathy in similar clinical scenarios.
10
#10
Vitamin D Status and Its Association With Disease Severity in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.
Human
3
Researchers examined the association between vitamin D levels and the severity of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. They found an inverse correlation between vitamin D deficiency and anti-TPO antibody titers, suggesting a link to autoimmune activity.
Publication Trend
Research publications about TPO-Antikörper over time
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