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PT-141

Bremelanotide · Vyleesi

Sexual HealthPhase III
From$2.16/mgCompare prices
MW
1025.2g/mol
Formula
C50H68N14O10

PT-141, also known as a cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin analog, is derived from the naturally occurring peptide PT-14 and is being investigated for its potential applications in addressing erectile dysfunction (ED) and female sexual dysfunction. Researchers primarily study PT-141 for its ability to enhance sexual functionality through its action as a melanocortin receptor agonist. Key findings from clinical studies indicate that PT-141 can induce significant erectile responses in both healthy subjects and patients with ED, particularly when administered intranasally or subcutaneously, with a notable safety and tolerability profile. Current research status includes ongoing evaluations and trials aimed at further understanding its efficacy and potential as an alternative treatment for individuals who do not respond adequately to traditional therapies.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC50H68N14O10
Molecular Weight1025.2 g/mol
CAS Number189691-06-3
PubChem CID9941379
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL5315036

Half-Life

SCSubcutaneous

~2 to 4 hours

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

The pharmacokinetic profile is characterized by rapid absorption and onset of action when administered subcutaneously.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

PT-141, a cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin analog, acts primarily as an agonist at melanocortin receptors (MCRs), particularly MCR-4 and MCR-3, which are involved in the modulation of sexual arousal and erectile function. Its mechanism is thought to involve the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, including the cAMP/PKA pathway, leading to increased nitric oxide (NO) production and subsequent activation of the NO/cGMP pathway, promoting vasodilation and enhancing erectile response. While the precise details of its action remain to be fully elucidated, PT-141 has demonstrated significant efficacy in inducing erections in both healthy subjects and patients with erectile dysfunction.

Research

18 Research Publications

800

Total Citations

7

Human/RCT

3.1

Avg. Influence

2023

Latest

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#01

Selective facilitation of sexual solicitation in the female rat by a melanocortin receptor agonist.

AnimalInfluence5.0
123
The study demonstrated that PT-141 selectively stimulates solicitational behaviors in female rats without affecting other sexual behaviors, indicating its potential role in addressing female sexual desire disorders.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#02

Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetic properties and pharmacodynamic effects of intranasal PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in healthy males and patients with mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction.

HumanInfluence3.0
119
Researchers observed a statistically significant erectile response in healthy males and Viagra-responsive patients following intranasal administration of PT-141 at doses greater than 7 mg.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#03

An effect on the subjective sexual response in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder by bremelanotide (PT-141), a melanocortin receptor agonist.

Human
112
The study demonstrated that bremelanotide (PT-141) positively affected sexual desire and arousal in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder, suggesting its potential for further evaluation.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#04

PT-141: a melanocortin agonist for the treatment of sexual dysfunction.

HumanInfluence8.0
103
Researchers observed that PT-141 administration in humans resulted in a rapid, dose-dependent increase in erectile activity, indicating its potential as a treatment for sexual dysfunction.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#05

Evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of subcutaneously administered PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in healthy male subjects and in patients with an inadequate response to Viagra.

HumanInfluence2.0
89
The study demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of PT-141 resulted in significant erectile responses in patients with inadequate responses to Viagra, indicating its potential as an alternative treatment.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#06

Melanocortins in the treatment of male and female sexual dysfunction.

ReviewInfluence1.0
57
The study demonstrated that melanocortinergic agents, including PT-141, have potential therapeutic roles in male and female sexual dysfunction, with evidence supporting their efficacy in enhancing sexual desire and arousal.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#07

Melanocortin receptors, melanotropic peptides and penile erection.

ReviewInfluence1.0
50
Researchers observed that melanocortin receptors, particularly MC4R, may mediate penile erection, with PT-141 showing potential as a centrally acting therapeutic agent for erectile dysfunction.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#08

Co-administration of low doses of intranasal PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, and sildenafil to men with erectile dysfunction results in an enhanced erectile response.

HumanInfluence2.0
44
The study demonstrated that co-administration of intranasal PT-141 and sildenafil resulted in a significantly enhanced erectile response in men with erectile dysfunction compared to sildenafil alone.
7.5 mgintranasal(human)0.3 to 10 mgsubcutaneous(human)4 mg(human)6 mg(human)20 mgintranasal(human)
PubMed
#09

Medical Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction.

Nappi Rossella E, et al. · The Urologic clinics of North America · 2022

Review
33
Researchers reviewed various treatments for female sexual dysfunction (FSD), which involves multiple overlapping disorders influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. They found that healthcare providers can screen for FSD and offer initial counseling before referring patients to specialists, with a range of treatment options available for different stages of life.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed that flibanserin and bremelanotide are effective for premenopausal women with low sexual desire.
  2. 02Transdermal testosterone was noted to be effective for postmenopausal women experiencing similar issues.
  3. 03The study highlighted that menopause hormone therapy is crucial for managing symptoms in women during midlife.
PubMed
#10

Bremelanotide for Treatment of Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire.

Edinoff Amber N, et al. · Neurology international · 2022

Review
24
Researchers studied bremelanotide, a new treatment for women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), which causes a significant lack of sexual desire and distress. The study found that bremelanotide improved sexual desire, arousal, and orgasm scores when used before sexual activity compared to a placebo.

Key findings

  1. 01Bremelanotide was recently approved by the FDA for treating HSDD in women.
  2. 02Researchers observed improvements in sexual desire and arousal after using bremelanotide.
  3. 03The treatment targets both biological and psychosocial factors related to HSDD.
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

The long-term effects of PT-141 on sexual function and overall health in both men and women remain unknown, as existing studies primarily focus on short-term outcomes. Additionally, the precise mechanisms by which PT-141 exerts its effects on erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction are not fully elucidated, warranting further investigation into its pharmacodynamics and receptor interactions.

Solubility

PT-141 is soluble in water and DMSO, with limited solubility in organic solvents like acetonitrile.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Approved by the FDA for treatment of HSDD in premenopausal women. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Data limited

🇬🇧UK

Data limited

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

14 total
2
03
5
04
2
05
2
06
2
07
1
25
Pricing

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer