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DHEA

Sex Hormones & TRT
DehydroepiandrosteronePrasteroneIntrarosa

Overview

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as Prasterone or Intrarosa, is an endogenous steroid hormone produced primarily in the adrenal glands, gonads, and brain. It belongs to the class of sex hormones and is a precursor to androgens and estrogens, the primary male and female sex hormones, respectively. DHEA is also available in synthetic forms for therapeutic use. Researchers have extensively studied DHEA for its role in various physiological processes and its potential therapeutic applications. DHEA plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens, influencing sexual development and reproductive function. It has been investigated for its potential effects on aging, immune function, and metabolic processes. Some studies have explored its role in improving bone density, mood, and cognitive function, although results are mixed and further research is needed. DHEA acts primarily through conversion to active metabolites that bind to androgen and estrogen receptors, influencing various signaling pathways. It is involved in the modulation of gene expression and cellular activity related to growth, differentiation, and metabolism. Researchers have observed that DHEA may also interact with other receptors, such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), affecting lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. The pharmacokinetic properties of DHEA include a circulating half-life of approximately 15 to 30 minutes. It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism when administered orally, resulting in low bioavailability. Transdermal and sublingual routes are explored to improve bioavailability. DHEA is metabolized primarily in the liver, and its metabolites are excreted in urine. Clinically, DHEA is used in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency and as a supplement for age-related conditions, although its efficacy in these areas remains under investigation. In the United States, DHEA is available as a dietary supplement, while in other countries, it may require a prescription. Regulatory standing varies globally, reflecting differing views on its safety and efficacy.

Mechanism of Action

DHEA acts by converting into active metabolites that bind to androgen and estrogen receptors, initiating a cascade of biological activities that influence gene expression and cellular function. It may also interact with PPAR receptors, affecting lipid metabolism and energy balance.

Molecular Data

FormulaC19H28O2
Molecular Weight288.4 g/mol
CAS Number53-43-0
PubChem CID5881

Half-Life & Pharmacokinetics

EndogenousCirculating half-life ~15 to 30 minutes
TransdermalSteady-state after 24-48h
OralPoor bioavailability due to first-pass metabolism

Oral administration results in extensive first-pass metabolism, reducing bioavailability. Alternative routes like transdermal are explored to improve systemic availability.

Storage

Temperature

Store at room temperature (15-30°C)

Light

Protect from light

Form

Stable in solid form for extended periods

Notes

Ensure packaging is sealed to prevent moisture exposure.

Solubility

DHEA is poorly soluble in water but soluble in ethanol and oils, which is relevant for formulation considerations.

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

In Germany, DHEA is classified as a prescription-only medication (verschreibungspflichtig).

🇺🇸US

In the USA, DHEA is available as a dietary supplement and is not regulated as a controlled substance by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

In Australia, DHEA is classified under Schedule 4 (S4), requiring a prescription.

🇬🇧UK

In the UK, DHEA is classified as a prescription-only medicine (POM).

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

7 Research Publications

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA): Pharmacological Effects and Potential Therapeutic Application.

Review

Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2023

Researchers found that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a significant role in various bodily functions and may have therapeutic potential for conditions like depression and cognitive disorders. They observed that while DHEA levels decline with age and certain health issues, its effects on the brain and other organs suggest it could be beneficial in clinical settings.

  • DHEA levels are linked to longevity and decrease with age and illness.
  • DHEA may have neuroprotective and mood-enhancing effects.
  • There is a trend of recreational use of DHEA among healthy individuals.
PubMed

Treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia with intravaginal prasterone therapy: a review.

Review

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2019

Researchers found that intravaginal prasterone, a synthetic form of a natural hormone, effectively reduces pain during sex for women experiencing menopause-related discomfort. This treatment improves vaginal health without significant side effects, making it a promising option for many women who currently go untreated.

  • Prasterone decreases pain associated with dyspareunia.
  • It improves vaginal health indicators like pH and cell counts.
  • Prasterone does not have a boxed warning, allowing for open discussions between patients and clinicians.
PubMed

Efficacy of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for symptomatic women in the peri- or postmenopausal phase.

Meta-Analysis

Maturitas · 2018

Researchers found that intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can effectively improve sexual function in women experiencing menopausal symptoms, particularly those with vulvovaginal atrophy. The treatment was shown to be more effective than a placebo and comparable to vaginal estrogen. However, further research is needed for women with certain health conditions.

  • Intravaginal DHEA improves sexual function in menopausal women.
  • DHEA is more effective than placebo and similar to vaginal estrogen.
  • More studies are needed for women with specific health risks.
PubMed

Comparison of intravaginal 6.5mg (0.50%) prasterone, 0.3mg conjugated estrogens and 10μg estradiol on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy.

Review

The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2017

Researchers observed that different intravaginal treatments, including prasterone, conjugated estrogens, and estradiol, have varying effects on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy. The study aimed to compare how effective these treatments are in alleviating discomfort associated with this condition. Overall, the findings could help inform choices for managing vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms.

  • Prasterone, conjugated estrogens, and estradiol are all used to treat vulvovaginal atrophy.
  • Each treatment has different effectiveness in reducing symptoms.
  • The study provides insights for better management of vulvovaginal atrophy.
PubMed

Lack of effect of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, prasterone) on the endometrium in postmenopausal women.

Human

Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2015

Researchers found that using intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) did not have any significant effect on the endometrium in postmenopausal women. All participants showed endometrial atrophy, similar to those receiving a placebo, indicating that DHEA does not stimulate the endometrium due to its inactive nature in this context.

  • DHEA treatment resulted in endometrial atrophy in all women studied.
  • Similar atrophy was observed in those receiving a placebo.
  • DHEA does not stimulate the endometrium in postmenopausal women.
PubMed

Prasterone.

Review

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2006

Researchers observed that prasterone, a synthetic hormone, may help improve bone density in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who are taking glucocorticoids. While initial studies aimed to treat SLE symptoms, the FDA has not approved prasterone for this use. Common side effects include acne and increased hair growth.

  • Prasterone may increase bone mineral density in SLE patients on glucocorticoids.
  • The FDA has not approved prasterone for treating SLE symptoms.
  • Common side effects include acne and hirsutism.
PubMed

[Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)--youth hormone?].

Review

Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) · 2001

Researchers found that DHEA, a hormone produced by the body, decreases with age and may serve as a marker for aging. They observed that DHEA could help combat various health issues like heart disease, diabetes, and cognitive decline. Additionally, DHEA replacement therapy might help slow down aging and prevent age-related health problems.

  • DHEA levels decline systematically with age.
  • DHEA may help reduce risks of diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
  • DHEA replacement therapy could potentially slow aging and improve health.
PubMed

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This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature. Nothing on this page constitutes medical advice or replaces consultation with a qualified healthcare professional.