Leptin

Nature metabolism · 2022

Researchers found that inhibiting a specific enzyme called HDAC6 in obese mice helped restore their sensitivity to leptin, a hormone that regulates hunger and energy use. This led to reduced food intake and fat mass, suggesting that targeting HDAC6 could be a promising approach for treating obesity.

• Inhibition of HDAC6 reduces food intake and fat mass in obese mice.
• HDAC6 inhibitors improve glucose metabolism and reduce liver fat.
• The effectiveness of HDAC6 inhibitors is linked to their ability to enhance leptin sensitivity.

World journal of clinical oncology · 2017

Researchers observed that obesity, particularly through the hormone leptin, may contribute to cancer treatment resistance, especially in breast and pancreatic cancers. They highlighted how leptin promotes cancer growth and survival, complicating the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

• Obesity increases the risk of several cancers and their resistance to treatment.
• Leptin is linked to processes that promote cancer growth and survival.
• Understanding leptin's role may help address drug resistance in cancer therapies.

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2015

Researchers observed that the soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) plays a crucial role in how leptin, a hormone that helps regulate body weight, functions in the body. They found that levels of sOB-R can vary in conditions like obesity and diabetes, affecting how sensitive the body is to leptin. Additionally, factors like fat toxicity can increase the production of sOB-R, which may inhibit leptin's effects.

• sOB-R is the main binding protein for leptin in the blood.
• Levels of sOB-R are altered in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
• Increased sOB-R can inhibit leptin's effects, while lower levels may indicate reduced leptin receptor presence.

Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2011

Researchers observed that the balance of adipokines, which are molecules produced by fat tissue, plays a crucial role in aging and health. They found that both excess fat and loss of fat with age can lead to insulin resistance and other health issues, while centenarians tend to have better insulin sensitivity and favorable adipokine levels.

• Dysregulation of adipokines is linked to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in obesity.
• Centenarians have preserved insulin sensitivity and high levels of beneficial adipokines like adiponectin.
• Age-related loss of fat tissue may contribute to adipose dysfunction and health challenges in older adults.

Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism · 2010

Researchers observed that leptin, a hormone involved in regulating energy balance, is produced by various cells and affects many bodily functions. They found that both too much and too little leptin can lead to health issues. The study reviews new therapies targeting leptin receptors, which may offer potential treatments for various diseases beyond obesity.

• Leptin is produced by cells other than fat cells and influences multiple physiological processes.
• Both excess and insufficient leptin levels are linked to various health problems.
• New leptin receptor modifiers show promise as treatments for metabolic, immune, and cancer-related diseases.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2005

Researchers observed that leptin, a hormone related to energy balance, plays a significant role in the immune system. They found that leptin influences immune cell development and function, particularly during energy deficiency. The review highlights recent insights into how leptin affects immune responses and its potential implications for health.

• Leptin helps regulate energy balance in the body.
• Leptin influences the development of immune cells.
• Leptin's role in immune responses is linked to energy deficiency.

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2001

Researchers found that certain proteins called cytokines, including interleukins and leptin, play a significant role in controlling food intake. They observed that these cytokines can suppress appetite during various health conditions, such as infections and inflammation, and may also influence eating behaviors in the brain.

• Cytokines like interleukin-1 and leptin regulate feeding behavior.
• Appetite suppression occurs during illnesses and cytokine treatments.
• Cytokines produced in the brain can affect eating and anorexia.

Kidney international · 1998

Researchers observed that leptin, a hormone linked to body fat, is not effectively cleared by the kidneys in patients with kidney disease, leading to higher levels in their blood. In patients with end-stage renal disease, leptin levels were found to be four times higher than in healthy individuals. Further studies are needed to understand how leptin affects appetite and kidney function in these patients.

• Leptin clearance by the kidneys is reduced in patients with kidney disease.
• Patients with end-stage renal disease have significantly higher leptin levels compared to healthy individuals.
• The role of leptin in appetite regulation and kidney function needs further investigation.

Ceskoslovenska fysiologie · 1997

Researchers observed that leptin, a protein produced by fat tissue, plays a crucial role in regulating body weight and energy balance by communicating with the brain. They found that obese individuals often become resistant to leptin's effects, which can affect metabolism and feeding behaviors.

• Leptin acts as a signal between fat tissue and the brain to control body fat and energy.
• Obese individuals have higher levels of free leptin but may be resistant to its effects.
• Leptin influences not only weight regulation but also the reproductive endocrine system.