Enclomiphene, also known as Androxal or trans-Clomiphene, is a non-steroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) derived from clomiphene citrate. It is one of the two geometric isomers of clomiphene, the other being zuclomiphene. Enclomiphene is synthesized through the modification of the clomiphene molecule to enhance its specific activity on estrogen receptors. Its chemical structure allows it to interact with estrogen receptors in a way that can modulate the hormonal axis, particularly affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Researchers have primarily investigated enclomiphene for its potential to treat male hypogonadism and infertility. Studies have shown that enclomiphene can increase testosterone levels in men by stimulating the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which in turn stimulate the testes. Unlike testosterone replacement therapy, enclomiphene does not suppress spermatogenesis, making it a promising candidate for treating conditions associated with low testosterone levels. The mechanism of action of enclomiphene involves its binding to estrogen receptors, particularly in the hypothalamus, where it acts as an antagonist. This action blocks the negative feedback of estrogen on the hypothalamus, leading to increased secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the pituitary gland to release LH and FSH. These hormones then promote testosterone production in the testes. Enclomiphene exhibits pharmacokinetic properties characterized by oral bioavailability, although specific data on its half-life is limited. It is known to be metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through feces. The stability of enclomiphene under various conditions has not been extensively documented. Current research on enclomiphene is focused on its efficacy and safety in treating male hypogonadism. It is not yet approved by major regulatory agencies such as the FDA for this indication, and its use remains investigational. Researchers continue to explore its potential benefits and risks in clinical trials to better understand its therapeutic profile.