Lever
Lifestyle
- regular moderate exercise
- stress management
- smoking cessation
Blutwerte · Marker
D-Dimer
D-Dimer · Fibrin-Abbauprodukt
Gerinnung
- Einheit:
- mg/L FEU
D-Dimer quantifies the presence of fibrin degradation products in the blood, indicating the activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis.
Reference Ranges
Reference
0–0.5mg/L FEU
0
0.5
LowNormalHigh
Reference
Unit · mg/L FEUAge-adjusted cutoffs may apply; levels can be higher in older adults.
Overview
Übersicht
D-Dimer is a fibrin degradation product, a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis. It is a biomarker of coagulation activation and secondary fibrinolysis, reflecting the body's clotting and clot breakdown processes. Researchers have found that D-Dimer is crucial for ruling out venous thromboembolism (VTE) and assessing the risk of VTE recurrence, as well as determining the optimal duration of anticoagulant therapy. Elevated D-Dimer levels are associated with various conditions, including disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), infections, and cancers. In the context of athletic performance and biohacking, D-Dimer can be elevated due to strenuous physical activity, which may not necessarily indicate pathological conditions but rather a physiological response to exercise. However, consistently high levels could warrant further investigation. Researchers observed that D-Dimer levels can be influenced by factors such as age, pregnancy, and certain diseases, which may confound results. It is important to consider these variables when interpreting D-Dimer levels, and testing should be conducted in a controlled manner to ensure accuracy.
Klinische Bedeutung
Elevated D-Dimer levels indicate increased fibrin formation and breakdown, often associated with conditions like VTE, DIC, and other thrombotic disorders. Normal levels can help rule out VTE in patients with low clinical probability.
Dynamics
Trend Interpretation
Rising Values
Progressively rising D-Dimer levels suggest increased thrombotic activity and may warrant further investigation. Retest in 4 weeks if clinically indicated.
Falling Values
Falling levels may indicate resolution of thrombotic activity or effective anticoagulation therapy.
Re-test Interval
4 weeks if outside optimal range
Etiology
Causes — High & Low
Cause
Elevated Levels
- venous thromboembolism
- disseminated intravascular coagulation
- cancer
- infections
- pregnancy
- aging
Cause
Low Levels
- not clinically significant
- low pretest probability of VTE
- effective anticoagulation therapy
- absence of thrombotic activity
Protocol
How to Optimize
Lever
Nutrition
- balanced diet
- adequate hydration
Note:
Consult healthcare provider for personalized advice, especially if on anticoagulant therapy.
Testing Guidelines
✓Fasting Not Required
✓Not Time-Sensitive
Testing Frequency
As needed based on clinical suspicion of thrombotic events.
Interfering Factors
- recent surgery
- trauma
- pregnancy
Related Markers
Open Research Questions
Current research suggests that the optimal age-adjusted reference ranges for D-dimer levels remain debated, particularly in diverse populations and specific clinical contexts like pregnancy and cancer. Researchers have not yet established standardized protocols for interpreting elevated D-dimer levels in non-thrombotic conditions, leading to potential misdiagnosis. Additionally, clinical questions remain unanswered regarding the long-term implications of elevated D-dimer in various disease states and the efficacy of antithrombotic therapies in patients with high D-dimer levels.
25 Research Publications
901
Total Citations
5
Human/RCT
3.8
Avg. Influence
2026
Latest
Sort
Filter
01Top
#01
D-dimer: Preanalytical, analytical, postanalytical variables, and clinical applications.
ReviewInfluence7.0
196
This review focused on D-dimer as a biomarker for coagulation and fibrinolysis, emphasizing its use in ruling out venous thromboembolism (VTE) and assessing recurrence risk. Researchers discussed various factors affecting D-dimer measurement and its application across different clinical settings.
02Top
#02
D-dimer testing in laboratory practice.
ReviewInfluence13.0
192
Researchers reviewed the clinical utility of D-dimer testing, noting its sensitivity for diagnosing thrombus formation and its limitations due to high levels in non-thrombotic conditions. The study highlighted D-dimer's role in managing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and monitoring conditions like disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
03Top
#03
D-Dimer elevation and adverse outcomes.
Halaby Rim, et al. · Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2015
ReviewInfluence3.0
123
This study explored the prognostic significance of elevated D-dimer levels, finding that they are independently associated with increased risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and mortality across various medical conditions. Researchers emphasized the need for further evaluation of antithrombotic therapy in patients with high D-dimer levels.
Key findings
- 01Elevated D-Dimer is associated with a higher risk of developing new blood clots.
- 02Higher D-Dimer levels are linked to an increased chance of recurrent blood clots.
- 03An elevated D-Dimer is independently correlated with a greater risk of mortality across various health conditions.
04
#04
How we manage a high D-dimer.
ReviewInfluence1.0
82
This study examined the management of patients with elevated D-dimer levels, which can occur due to various physiological conditions and disorders. Researchers found that D-dimer is a crucial biomarker for assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its recurrence, as well as guiding anticoagulant therapy duration.
05
#05
D-Dimer Testing: Laboratory Aspects and Current Issues.
ReviewInfluence1.0
64
Researchers discussed the importance of D-dimer testing in diagnosing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its role in systemic coagulation disorders. The study highlighted concerns regarding the widespread use of D-dimer testing without adequate understanding of its technical aspects.
06
#06
Correlation of D-dimer and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients.
Case ReportInfluence2.0
51
This study explored the correlation between D-dimer levels and outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Researchers found that higher D-dimer values were associated with increased rates of intubation and mortality. The findings suggest that monitoring D-dimer trends may help in early intervention strategies.
07
#07
Disorders of Fibrinogen and Fibrinolysis.
ReviewInfluence1.0
42
Researchers summarized the role of fibrinogen in coagulation and its disorders, which can lead to both bleeding and thrombotic complications. The review discusses laboratory evaluations for fibrinogen disorders and management strategies for congenital and acquired conditions. Key findings include the importance of fibrinogen in clot formation and the need for accurate diagnostic assays.
08
#08
D-dimer testing: A narrative review.
Review
37
Researchers reviewed the applications of D-dimer testing, highlighting its role in ruling out venous thromboembolism (VTE) and assessing the risk of its recurrence. The study also discussed the importance of proper assay performance and the influence of preanalytical variables on D-dimer measurement.
09
#09
The clinical significance of ultra-high D-dimer levels.
Case Report
37
This study reviewed cases of ultra-high D-dimer levels (>5000 ng/mL) and their clinical significance. Researchers found that these levels were often associated with severe underlying conditions like venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer, with high mortality rates in patients with levels exceeding 15,000 ng/mL.
10
#10
Clinical Significance of Plasma D-Dimer in COVID-19 Mortality.
Meta-AnalysisInfluence5.0
32
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the role of D-dimer as a predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients. They found that high D-dimer levels were associated with poor prognosis, suggesting that monitoring D-dimer could assist in clinical decision-making.
Clinical Trials (1)
1
Total Trials
116
Total Enrolled
D-TECT: Pretreatment D-dimers and Disease Control in Advanced cSCC Treated With Cemiplimab
NCT07684066NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sponsor
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
Enrollment
116
Started
2026
Primary outcome
Disease Control Rate Within the First 6 Months of Cemiplimab Treatment
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC)Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaMetastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Publication Trend
Research publications about D-Dimer over time
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