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Wachstumshormon

Growth Hormone · HGH · GH · Somatotropin

Hormone — GH/IGF-AchseNüchtern erforderlichZeitabhängig
Einheit:
ng/mL
Abbreviation
GH / HGH

The test quantifies the concentration of growth hormone in the blood, reflecting pituitary gland function and overall growth hormone activity.

Reference Ranges

Reference
0.4–10ng/mL
0.4
10
LowNormalHigh
Reference
Unit · ng/mL

Levels vary by age and sex; higher in children and adolescents.

Overview

Übersicht

Growth Hormone (GH), also known as Human Growth Hormone (HGH), is a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in growth, cell repair, and metabolism. GH stimulates the liver and other tissues to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which in turn promotes bone and tissue growth. Researchers have found that GH secretion is pulsatile, with peaks occurring during sleep and after exercise. Clinically, GH is significant in diagnosing and managing growth disorders in children and adults, such as growth hormone deficiency and acromegaly. Low GH levels can indicate pituitary dysfunction, as seen in conditions like hypopituitarism, while elevated levels may suggest pituitary adenomas or ectopic production. In the context of athletic performance and biohacking, GH is often misused for its purported anabolic effects, although scientific evidence supporting performance enhancement is limited. Researchers have observed that GH levels can be influenced by various factors, including stress, nutrition, and sleep. Testing for GH can be confounded by its pulsatile nature, requiring multiple samples or stimulation tests for accurate assessment. Time of day and fasting status can also affect GH measurements, necessitating standardized testing conditions.

Klinische Bedeutung

Elevated GH levels can indicate conditions such as acromegaly or pituitary adenomas, while reduced levels may suggest growth hormone deficiency or hypopituitarism.

Dynamics

Trend Interpretation

Rising Values

Progressively rising GH levels may suggest pituitary adenoma; re-test in 4 weeks if abnormal.

Falling Values

Progressively falling GH levels may indicate pituitary dysfunction or aging.

Re-test Interval

4 weeks if outside optimal range

Etiology

Causes — High & Low

Cause

Elevated Levels

  • pituitary adenoma
  • ectopic GH production
  • stress
  • hypoglycemia
  • exercise
Cause

Low Levels

  • hypopituitarism
  • pituitary damage
  • aging
  • chronic illness
  • malnutrition
Protocol

How to Optimize

Lever

Lifestyle

  • regular exercise
  • adequate sleep
  • stress management
Lever

Nutrition

  • balanced diet
  • adequate protein intake
Lever

Supplementation

  • Arginine
  • Glutamine

Note:

Consult a healthcare provider before making significant lifestyle changes.

Testing Guidelines

🍽️Fasting Required
🕐Time-Sensitive

GH levels are highest during sleep and after exercise; morning testing is common.

Testing Frequency

Annually for those with known deficiencies or under treatment.

Interfering Factors

  • recent intense exercise
  • stress
  • sleep deprivation

Related Markers

Related Peptides & Hormones

Igf 1

Directly measures

hormone

Open Research Questions

Current research suggests that the reference ranges for growth hormone (HGH) responses in various populations, particularly in relation to mental health disorders and genetic short stature, remain poorly defined. Researchers have not yet established optimal targets for HGH therapy in genetically resistant cases or the impact of confounding factors such as stress and circadian rhythms on HGH levels. Additionally, unanswered clinical questions include the long-term effects of HGH therapy in patients with panhypopituitarism and its role in cancer progression.

48 Research Publications

1,879

Total Citations

5

Human/RCT

4.2

Avg. Influence

2023

Latest

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#01

Evaluation of pretest clinical score (4 T's) for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in two clinical settings.

UnknownInfluence31.0
955
This study evaluated a clinical scoring system for diagnosing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Researchers found that low scores were effective in ruling out HIT, while higher scores correlated with positive HIT antibody tests in different clinical settings.
View on PubMed
#02

Growth Hormone and Aging: Updated Review.

ReviewInfluence4.0
112
This updated review explored the role of growth hormone (GH) in aging. Researchers found that a decline in GH levels is associated with various aging symptoms and that absence of GH can extend longevity in animal models. They also noted that elevated GH levels in humans may increase disease risks.
View on PubMed
#03

Laboratory measurement of growth hormone.

ReviewInfluence7.0
98
This review addressed the complexities of measuring growth hormone in clinical settings. Researchers observed that various assays yield differing results due to the heterogeneous nature of growth hormone and its binding proteins. The study provided recommendations to minimize discrepancies in growth hormone measurement.
View on PubMed
#04

Ghrelin and cancer progression.

ReviewInfluence4.0
78
Researchers reviewed the role of ghrelin in cancer progression. They found that ghrelin not only stimulates growth hormone release but also influences cancer-related processes such as metastasis and proliferation. The study suggests a potential pathological role of the ghrelin axis in various cancers.
View on PubMed
#05

Iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease in recipients of cadaveric pituitary-derived growth hormone.

Case ReportInfluence2.0
77
Researchers investigated the potential link between cadaver-derived pituitary growth hormone and Alzheimer's disease. They found evidence suggesting that recipients of this hormone may develop dementia and biomarker changes associated with Alzheimer's. This highlights the need for preventive measures against accidental transmission of harmful agents in medical treatments.
View on PubMed
#06

Insulin and Growth Hormone Balance: Implications for Obesity.

ReviewInfluence1.0
70
This review summarized the interactions between insulin and growth hormone (GH) in the context of obesity. Researchers observed that disruptions in the balance of these hormones could contribute to obesity development. They proposed using the insulin to GH ratio as a potential biomarker for predicting obesity risk.
View on PubMed
#07

Laboratory assessment of prolactin status.

Human
62
Researchers assessed prolactin levels in a study of 921 subjects to understand the factors affecting serum prolactin. They found that various conditions, including growth hormone deficiency, significantly influenced prolactin levels. The study outlines a strategy for routine prolactin assessment in clinical practice.
View on PubMed
#08

Growth hormone deficiency in children.

ReviewInfluence1.0
46
This study focused on diagnosing growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children. Researchers observed that auxology is crucial for diagnosis, and laboratory tests can confirm GHD. The findings emphasize the importance of using appropriate assays for accurate measurement of growth hormone levels.
View on PubMed
#09

Growth hormone induces insulin-like growth factor-I gene transcription by a synergistic action of STAT5 and HNF-1alpha.

In VitroInfluence1.0
46
This study investigated how growth hormone induces IGF-I gene transcription. Researchers found that the transcription was activated when two specific transcription factors were overexpressed, demonstrating a GH-dependent mechanism in an immortalized cell line.
View on PubMed
#10

The Use and Abuse of Human Growth Hormone in Sports.

ReviewInfluence2.0
43
This review addressed the use of recombinant human growth hormone in sports. Researchers found that while it has therapeutic benefits for those with growth hormone deficiency, its use in healthy athletes raises concerns about health risks and fairness in competition.
View on PubMed

Publication Trend

Research publications about Wachstumshormon over time

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