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TB-500

Thymosin Beta-4 · Tß4 · TB500

Wound Healing & RegenerationPhase II
From$2.50/mgCompare prices
MW
889g/mol
Formula
C38H68N10O14

TB-500, a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin beta-4, belongs to the class of therapeutic peptides that modulate cellular functions and promote tissue repair. Researchers primarily study TB-500 for its potential role in enhancing wound healing, angiogenesis, and cellular migration. Key findings from preclinical studies suggest that TB-500 may facilitate endothelial cell differentiation and collagen deposition, while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. Despite these promising results, current research is limited by a lack of rigorous clinical trials in humans, highlighting the need for further investigation into its safety and efficacy in therapeutic applications. As interest in peptide therapies grows, TB-500 remains a focal point for ongoing exploration in regenerative medicine and sports performance.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC38H68N10O14
Molecular Weight889 g/mol
CAS Number885340-08-9
PubChem CID62707662
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL2109410

Half-Life

SCSubcutaneous

~2-4 hours

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

Bioavailability and half-life can vary based on administration route and individual metabolic factors.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

TB-500, a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin β4, primarily acts through the binding of its active site LKKTETQ to integrin receptors, promoting cell migration and angiogenesis. It influences several signaling pathways, including the VEGF signaling pathway, which facilitates endothelial cell differentiation and collagen deposition, and the MAPK pathway, enhancing fibroblast activation and tissue repair processes. While the precise mechanisms remain incompletely understood, its effects on inflammation reduction and wound healing are well-documented in preclinical studies.

Research

11 Research Publications

453

Total Citations

3

Human/RCT

2.8

Avg. Influence

2025

Latest

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#01

The platelet cytoskeleton.

Fox J E · Thrombosis and haemostasis · 1993

ReviewInfluence7.0
275
Researchers observed that platelets, which are crucial for blood clotting, have a complex structure called the cytoskeleton that changes when activated. This study highlights how actin filaments within platelets reorganize to support their function during clot formation.

Key findings

  1. 01The platelet cytoskeleton consists of two main components: cytoplasmic actin filaments and a membrane skeleton.
  2. 02In resting platelets, only 30-40% of actin is in filament form, but this increases rapidly upon activation.
  3. 03Activation leads to significant changes in the cytoskeleton, facilitating platelet aggregation and interaction with other signaling molecules.
PubMed
#02

Doping control analysis of TB-500, a synthetic version of an active region of thymosin β₄, in equine urine and plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

In Vitro
31
The study demonstrated a method for detecting TB-500 and its metabolites in equine urine and plasma, confirming its presence post-administration.
10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)
PubMed
#03

Synthesis and characterization of the N-terminal acetylated 17-23 fragment of thymosin beta 4 identified in TB-500, a product suspected to possess doping potential.

In VitroInfluence2.0
29
Researchers observed the successful synthesis and detection of the N-terminal acetylated fragment of thymosin beta 4 in TB-500, indicating its potential use in doping.
10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)
PubMed
#04

In vitro models for metabolic studies of small peptide hormones in sport drug testing.

In VitroInfluence1.0
27
The study demonstrated that in vitro models can effectively predict the metabolism of TB-500 and other peptide doping agents, aiding in detection efforts.
10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)
PubMed
#05

Comparison of various in vitro model systems of the metabolism of synthetic doping peptides: Proteolytic enzymes, human blood serum, liver and kidney microsomes and liver S9 fraction.

In VitroInfluence1.0
25
Researchers observed that human kidney microsomes and liver S9 fractions are effective in vitro models for studying the metabolism of TB-500 and other peptides.
10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)
PubMed
#06

The beta-thymosin enigma.

Sun Hui Qiao & Yin Helen L · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2007

Review
15
Researchers reviewed how thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta-4) influences the behavior of actin, a protein crucial for cell movement and structure. They found that Tbeta-4 can change the arrangement of actin in various cells, affecting their functions related to movement and signaling.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed that Tbeta-4 modulates the availability of actin monomers, which are essential for cell movement.
  2. 02The study found that altering Tbeta-4 levels can significantly change the structure of the actin cytoskeleton.
  3. 03Researchers noted that the effects of beta-thymosins on cells are complex, involving both direct and indirect influences on actin dynamics and cellular signaling.
PubMed
#07

Thymosin beta 4 interactions.

Bubb Michael R · Vitamins and hormones · 2003

Review
15
Researchers reviewed the protein thymosin beta 4, which plays various roles in the body, including influencing cell movement and immune responses. They found that its flexible structure allows it to interact with different molecules, potentially linking important cellular processes.

Key findings

  1. 01Thymosin beta 4 is a small protein with multiple functions, including acting as an anti-inflammatory agent.
  2. 02The protein's largely unfolded structure may enable it to recognize various molecular targets.
  3. 03This flexibility could connect the actin cytoskeleton to key immune and cell growth signaling pathways.
PubMed
#08

Adsorption effects of the doping relevant peptides Insulin Lispro, Synachten, TB-500 and GHRP 5.

In Vitro
14
The study demonstrated that the adsorption characteristics of TB-500 and other peptides can significantly affect their recovery in analytical measurements.
10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)
PubMed
#09

Cardioprotection by Thymosin Beta 4.

Pipes G T & Yang J · Vitamins and hormones · 2016

Review
14
Researchers observed that thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) can reduce heart damage and improve heart function after ischemic injury in animal models. The study found that Tβ4 promotes blood vessel growth and has properties that prevent fibrosis, which may contribute to its protective effects on the heart. These findings suggest that Tβ4 interacts with various cellular pathways to support heart recovery.

Key findings

  1. 01Tβ4 reduces the size of heart damage and preserves heart function in preclinical models.
  2. 02Tβ4 promotes the growth of blood vessels and helps convert inactive heart tissue into a functioning state after injury.
  3. 03Tβ4 has antifibrotic effects, indicating its potential to prevent scarring in heart tissue.
PubMed
#10

Thymosin beta 4 as an Alzheimer disease intervention target identified using human brain organoids.

Zeng Peng-Ming, et al. · Stem cell reports · 2025

Human
8
Researchers studied brain organoids to understand Alzheimer’s disease and found that a protein called thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) is significantly reduced in neurons affected by the disease. They observed that treatment with Tβ4 improved neuron development and reduced harmful protein buildup in both brain organoids and mouse models. This suggests Tβ4 could be a promising target for future Alzheimer’s interventions.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers found that neurons in Alzheimer’s disease organoids had fewer mature cells and increased harmful protein production compared to healthy controls.
  2. 02The gene TMSB4X, which produces thymosin beta 4, was significantly lower in Alzheimer’s affected neurons.
  3. 03Treatment with Tβ4 improved neuron development and reduced harmful protein levels in both brain organoids and mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease.
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No randomized controlled human trials have been conducted specifically on TB-500, leaving its safety and efficacy in human subjects largely unverified. Additionally, the long-term effects of TB-500 on human health remain unknown, and the precise mechanisms by which it promotes tissue repair and angiogenesis require further elucidation.

Solubility

TB-500 is soluble in water and saline solutions.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for medical use. Not a controlled substance.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for medical use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

14 total
2
12
1
13
2
14
1
15
3
16
1
17
4
26
Pricing

Price Comparison

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  • Biolab ShopUS
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  • RCpeptidesEU
    10mg
    $40.50
    Price/mg
    $4.05/mg
    View

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Mechanism

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer