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TB-500

Thymosin Beta-4 · Tß4 · TB500

Wound Healing & RegenerationPhase II
From$2.50/mgCompare prices
MW
889g/mol
Formula
C38H68N10O14

TB-500, a synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4, is classified as a therapeutic peptide derived from a naturally occurring protein involved in tissue repair and regeneration. Researchers primarily study TB-500 for its potential applications in enhancing recovery from musculoskeletal injuries and improving athletic performance. Key findings from preclinical studies indicate that TB-500 promotes angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, and tissue repair, suggesting a role in accelerating healing processes. However, despite these promising results, current research in human subjects remains limited, with a notable lack of robust clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety. As such, the therapeutic use of TB-500 continues to be an area of active investigation within the fields of orthopaedics and sports medicine.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC38H68N10O14
Molecular Weight889 g/mol
CAS Number885340-08-9
PubChem CID62707662
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL2109410

Half-Life

SCSubcutaneous

~2-4 hours

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

Bioavailability and half-life can vary based on administration route and individual metabolic factors.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

TB-500, a fragment of thymosin beta-4, is believed to promote tissue repair and regeneration primarily through the activation of the VEGF signaling pathway, which enhances angiogenesis and facilitates wound healing. It also modulates the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, influencing cellular migration, proliferation, and inflammation resolution. While these mechanisms are supported by preclinical evidence, the precise details of TB-500's action and its receptor interactions remain incompletely understood.

Research

23 Research Publications

627

Total Citations

5

Human/RCT

2.3

Avg. Influence

2025

Latest

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Filter
#01

The platelet cytoskeleton.

Fox J E · Thrombosis and haemostasis · 1993

ReviewInfluence7.0
275
Researchers observed that platelets, which are crucial for blood clotting, have a complex structure called the cytoskeleton that changes when activated. This study highlights how actin filaments within platelets reorganize to support their function during clot formation.

Key findings

  1. 01The platelet cytoskeleton consists of two main components: cytoplasmic actin filaments and a membrane skeleton.
  2. 02In resting platelets, only 30-40% of actin is in filament form, but this increases rapidly upon activation.
  3. 03Activation leads to significant changes in the cytoskeleton, facilitating platelet aggregation and interaction with other signaling molecules.
PubMed
#02

Analytical approaches for the detection of emerging therapeutics and non-approved drugs in human doping controls.

Thevis Mario & Schänzer Wilhelm · Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis · 2014

ReviewInfluence1.0
48
The review highlighted the need for advanced analytical methods to detect emerging peptides like TB-500 in human doping controls due to their increasing misuse.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed a growing number of performance-enhancing substances, including both approved and designer drugs.
  2. 02The review highlighted various analytical strategies for detecting these substances in human blood and urine.
  3. 03Specific challenges related to the detection of different types of compounds, such as their physicochemical properties and metabolism, were discussed.
60 µg/kg/dayintraperitoneal(rat)4 weeks10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)single dose10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)not mentioned
PubMed
#03

Simplifying and expanding the screening for peptides <2 kDa by direct urine injection, liquid chromatography, and ion mobility mass spectrometry.

Human
38
Researchers observed that a novel method using direct urine injection and ion mobility mass spectrometry effectively detects low-molecular-mass peptides, including TB-500, at sensitivity levels suitable for doping control.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#04

Doping control analysis of TB-500, a synthetic version of an active region of thymosin β₄, in equine urine and plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Animal
33
Researchers developed a method to detect TB-500 and its metabolites in equine urine and plasma, confirming its presence post-administration in horses.
60 µg/kg/dayintraperitoneal(rat)4 weeks10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)single dose10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)not mentioned
PubMed
#05

Synthesis and characterization of the N-terminal acetylated 17-23 fragment of thymosin beta 4 identified in TB-500, a product suspected to possess doping potential.

HumanInfluence3.0
31
Researchers successfully identified the N-terminal acetylated fragment of thymosin beta 4 in TB-500 using high-performance liquid chromatography, aiding in doping detection.
60 µg/kg/dayintraperitoneal(rat)4 weeks10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)single dose10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)not mentioned
PubMed
#06

Doping control analysis of seven bioactive peptides in horse plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

AnimalInfluence1.0
31
Researchers developed a method for detecting TB-500 and its metabolites in horse plasma, demonstrating its applicability for doping control in equine sports.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#07

In vitro models for metabolic studies of small peptide hormones in sport drug testing.

HumanInfluence1.0
27
Researchers observed that in vitro models effectively predict the metabolism of various peptide hormones, including GHRP-6, providing valuable tools for detecting peptide misuse in sports drug testing.
60 µg/kg/dayintraperitoneal(rat)4 weeks10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)single dose10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)not mentioned
PubMed
#08

Detecting peptidic drugs, drug candidates and analogs in sports doping: current status and future directions.

Thevis Mario, et al. · Expert review of proteomics · 2014

Animal
27
The review discussed the complexity of detecting peptide drugs like TB-500 in sports doping, emphasizing the need for advanced analytical strategies.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers found that various advanced methods, including chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques, are essential for detecting low concentrations of peptidic drugs.
  2. 02The study identified a range of peptidic compounds, from low to high molecular mass, that are commonly misused in sports.
  3. 03Despite technological advancements, there is still a need to enhance the practical application of these detection methods in everyday sports drug testing.
30 or 60 µg/kgsubcutaneous(human)60 or 90 µg/kgsubcutaneous(human)
PubMed
#09

Comparison of various in vitro model systems of the metabolism of synthetic doping peptides: Proteolytic enzymes, human blood serum, liver and kidney microsomes and liver S9 fraction.

AnimalInfluence1.0
25
The study found that TB-500 exhibited high metabolic activity in human kidney microsomes, suggesting its rapid degradation in potential doping scenarios.
60 µg/kg/dayintraperitoneal(rat)4 weeks10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)single dose10 mgsubcutaneous(horse)not mentioned
PubMed
#10

Solid-phase extraction of small biologically active peptides on cartridges and microelution 96-well plates from human urine.

Human
21
Researchers observed that solid-phase extraction using microelution plates for urine samples allows for efficient analysis of small peptides like TB-500, maintaining comparable recovery and reproducibility to traditional methods.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No rigorous human clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TB-500, leaving its therapeutic potential largely unvalidated in human populations. Additionally, the long-term effects of TB-500 on musculoskeletal health and its interactions with other medications remain unknown, creating significant uncertainty regarding its clinical application.

Solubility

TB-500 is soluble in water and saline solutions.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for medical use. Not a controlled substance.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for medical use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

19 total
2
12
1
13
2
14
1
15
3
16
1
17
9
26
Pricing

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Mechanism

Tools

Reconstitution Calculator

Calculate reconstitution volumes for TB-500

Serum Level Visualizer

Visualize TB-500 serum levels over time

Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer