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IGF-1 DES

DES(1-3)IGF-1 · Des IGF-1

IGF Axis & MusclePreclinical
From$25.00/mgCompare prices

IGF-1 DES, or des(1-3)-insulin-like growth factor 1, is a truncated analogue of IGF-1 that exhibits reduced affinity for insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs). Researchers primarily study IGF-1 DES for its potential roles in cell growth, differentiation, and its implications in various pathological conditions, including cancer and neuroprotection. Key findings suggest that while IGF-1 effectively reduces neuronal loss after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, IGF-1 DES does not demonstrate the same protective effects, indicating a complex interaction with IGFBPs. Additionally, studies indicate that IGF-1 DES can promote hyperplastic growth in prostate epithelial cells without progressing to cancer, highlighting its unique biological properties. Current research continues to explore the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of IGF-1 DES in various contexts.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Half-Life

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

IGF-1 DES is rapidly degraded in the bloodstream, limiting its half-life.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Des-IGF-1 (des-(1-3)-IGF-1) acts primarily through the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) with reduced affinity for IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), which enhances its bioavailability and signaling potency. It activates key signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways, promoting cellular processes like protein synthesis and cell survival, although the complete understanding of its mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Its reduced interaction with IGFBPs may also contribute to differential effects on cellular growth and differentiation compared to full-length IGF-1.

Research

14 Research Publications

834

Total Citations

1

Human/RCT

3.5

Avg. Influence

2013

Latest

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#01

Interactions of IGF-1 with the blood-brain barrier in vivo and in situ.

Pan W & Kastin A J · Neuroendocrinology · 2000

HumanInfluence6.0
154
Researchers studied how insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its behavior in the brain and spinal cord. They found that IGF-1 can enter the brain quickly and remains intact for a short period, suggesting a specific transport system at the BBB that regulates its availability to the central nervous system.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed that IGF-1 has a half-life of 4.5 minutes in blood and can enter the brain and spinal cord effectively after intravenous injection.
  2. 02The influx rate of IGF-1 into the brain was measured at 0.4 microl/g x min, indicating a significant transport mechanism.
  3. 03The study found that the presence of nonradiolabeled IGF-1 enhances the influx of IGF-1 into the brain when injected, but not during direct brain perfusion.
PubMed
#02

The effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, and des-IGF-1 on neuronal loss after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in adult rats: evidence for a role for IGF binding proteins.

Guan J, et al. · Endocrinology · 1996

AnimalInfluence8.0
136
Researchers observed that central administration of IGF-1 reduced neuronal loss in multiple brain regions after hypoxic-ischemic injury in rats, while des-IGF-1 did not demonstrate similar protective effects.

Key findings

  1. 01IGF-1 significantly reduced neuronal loss in various brain regions after injury.
  2. 02IGF-2 was found to increase neuronal loss in certain areas of the brain.
  3. 03The presence of IGF binding proteins may influence the protective effects of IGF-1.
20 microgramscentral administration(rat)2 microgramscentral administration(rat)20 microgramscentral administration(rat)150 microgramscentral administration(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)6.7 nMperfusion(rat)53 nMperfusion(rat)10 ng/ml1.5 ng/ml5.1 ng/ml1200 ng/ml
PubMed
#03

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins inhibit the biological activities of IGF-1 and IGF-2 but not des-(1-3)-IGF-1.

Ross M, et al. · The Biochemical journal · 1989

In VitroInfluence2.0
133
Researchers studied how certain proteins, known as IGF-binding proteins, affect the actions of insulin-like growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2. They found that these binding proteins can inhibit the growth-promoting effects of IGF-1 and IGF-2 but do not affect a variant called des-(1-3)-IGF-1.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers found that a binding protein from bovine kidney significantly reduced the ability of IGF-2 to stimulate cell growth and protein production.
  2. 02The study observed that des-(1-3)-IGF-1 was not influenced by the binding proteins, indicating it remains more active than IGF-1 and IGF-2.
  3. 03Researchers noted that the effectiveness of IGF-1 and IGF-2 is inversely related to their binding to these proteins, suggesting that less binding leads to greater biological activity.
PubMed
#04

Functional characterization of des-IGF-1 action at excitatory synapses in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus.

Ramsey Melinda M, et al. · Journal of neurophysiology · 2005

AnimalInfluence5.0
103
Researchers studied the effects of a specific form of insulin-like growth factor-1 (des-IGF-1) on brain function in young rats. They found that des-IGF-1 significantly increased synaptic transmission in a brain region important for learning and memory, suggesting it may play a role in cognitive improvements.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed a 40% increase in synaptic transmission in the hippocampus after applying des-IGF-1.
  2. 02The enhancement in synaptic activity was linked to a specific type of receptor (AMPA) and involved certain cellular signaling pathways.
  3. 03These findings may help explain how long-term increases in IGF-1 levels can benefit cognitive function in older animals.
PubMed
#05

The direct in vitro effect of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) on normal bovine mammary cell proliferation and production of IGF binding proteins.

In VitroInfluence3.0
88
The study demonstrated that normal bovine mammary cells secrete IGF-binding proteins in response to IGF-1 and des-3-IGF-1, with des-3-IGF-1 inducing significantly less IGFBP-2 production.
20 microgramscentral administration(rat)2 microgramscentral administration(rat)20 microgramscentral administration(rat)150 microgramscentral administration(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)6.7 nMperfusion(rat)53 nMperfusion(rat)10 ng/ml1.5 ng/ml5.1 ng/ml1200 ng/ml
PubMed
#06

A key functional role for the insulin-like growth factor 1 N-terminal pentapeptide.

In Vitro
63
Researchers observed that truncation of the N-terminus of IGF-1 significantly alters its potency and receptor binding, with des-(1-3)-IGF-1 showing enhanced biological activity compared to longer variants.
20 microgramscentral administration(rat)2 microgramscentral administration(rat)20 microgramscentral administration(rat)150 microgramscentral administration(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)6.7 nMperfusion(rat)53 nMperfusion(rat)10 ng/ml1.5 ng/ml5.1 ng/ml1200 ng/ml
PubMed
#07

Vitamin D and benign prostatic hyperplasia -- a review.

Espinosa Geovanni, et al. · The Canadian journal of urology · 2013

ReviewInfluence1.0
45
Researchers reviewed studies on the relationship between vitamin D and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition affecting older men. They observed that higher vitamin D levels may be linked to a reduced prevalence of BPH and a decrease in prostate size.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers found that vitamin D may inhibit certain pathways involved in prostate cell growth, potentially reducing BPH symptoms.
  2. 02The review indicated that increased vitamin D intake is associated with a lower prevalence of BPH among men.
  3. 03No negative side effects were reported from higher vitamin D intake in the studies reviewed.
PubMed
#08

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 inhibits type 1 IGF receptor activation independently of its IGF binding affinity.

Ricort J M & Binoux M · Endocrinology · 2001

In VitroInfluence2.0
32
Researchers found that a protein called IGFBP-3 can inhibit the activation of a specific receptor involved in cell signaling, known as the type 1 IGF receptor, without directly binding to it. This study highlights a unique regulatory mechanism that IGFBP-3 employs, which does not affect other related receptors, such as the insulin receptor.

Key findings

  1. 01IGFBP-3 significantly reduces the activation of the type 1 IGF receptor in breast cancer cells.
  2. 02The inhibitory effect of IGFBP-3 is specific to the IGF receptor and does not impact the insulin receptor.
  3. 03IGFBP-3's ability to modulate IGF signaling occurs independently of its binding to IGF.
PubMed
#09

Enforced epithelial expression of IGF-1 causes hyperplastic prostate growth while negative selection is requisite for spontaneous metastogenesis.

Kaplan-Lefko P J, et al. · Oncogene · 2008

AnimalInfluence1.0
31
The study demonstrated that enforced expression of IGF-1(des) in transgenic mice caused hyperplastic prostate growth but delayed progression to metastatic lesions, indicating a differentiation block imposed by IGF-1 action.

Key findings

  1. 01Increased IGF-1 caused abnormal growth in prostate cells but did not lead to cancer within a year.
  2. 02Crossbreeding with a prostate cancer model delayed tumor progression and spread in younger mice.
  3. 03Older mice showed widespread metastasis, but the specific IGF-1 variant was not found in advanced tumors.
20 microgramscentral administration(rat)2 microgramscentral administration(rat)20 microgramscentral administration(rat)150 microgramscentral administration(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)6.7 nMperfusion(rat)53 nMperfusion(rat)10 ng/ml1.5 ng/ml5.1 ng/ml1200 ng/ml
PubMed
#10

IGF-I has a dual effect on insulin release from isolated, perifused adult rat islets of Langerhans.

Animal
25
The study demonstrated that IGF-I can both stimulate and inhibit insulin release from isolated rat islets of Langerhans, depending on its concentration and administration kinetics.
20 microgramscentral administration(rat)2 microgramscentral administration(rat)20 microgramscentral administration(rat)150 microgramscentral administration(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)13.3 nMperfusion(rat)6.7 nMperfusion(rat)53 nMperfusion(rat)10 ng/ml1.5 ng/ml5.1 ng/ml1200 ng/ml
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No clinical trials in humans have been conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of des-IGF-1 in treating conditions related to neuronal loss or prostate hyperplasia. Additionally, the long-term effects of des-IGF-1 on cancer progression and metastasis remain unclear, particularly regarding its role in poorly differentiated tumors and its interaction with endogenous IGF-1 signaling pathways.

Solubility

IGF-1 DES is soluble in water and commonly used solvents like acetonitrile and DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for medical use. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for medical use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

6 total
2
89
1
91
1
96
1
97
1
08
Pricing

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Mechanism

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer