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Ipamorelin

NNC 26-0161

GH SecretagoguePhase II
From$2.00/mgCompare prices
MW
711.9g/mol
Formula
C38H49N9O5

Ipamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide classified as a growth hormone secretagogue, derived from a series of compounds designed to stimulate growth hormone release. Researchers primarily study ipamorelin for its potential applications in enhancing muscle recovery and performance, particularly in the context of sports medicine and regenerative therapies. Key findings from the most cited studies indicate that ipamorelin exhibits high potency in stimulating growth hormone release without significantly affecting other hormonal pathways, such as those for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol. Preclinical evidence suggests that its specific action may confer advantages in muscle repair and metabolic regulation, although human clinical data remain limited and variable. Current research status highlights a need for further investigation to establish the safety and efficacy of ipamorelin in clinical settings, as many findings are based on animal models and lack robust human trials.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC38H49N9O5
Molecular Weight711.9 g/mol
CAS Number170851-70-4
PubChem CID9831659

Half-Life

SCSubcutaneous

~2 hours

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

Ipamorelin's pharmacokinetics are characterized by a short half-life and limited oral bioavailability, necessitating injectable administration for effective use.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Ipamorelin acts as a selective agonist for growth hormone secretagogue receptors (GHS-R), stimulating the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary. This action primarily activates the IGF-1 signaling pathway, which is crucial for tissue regeneration, muscle repair, and metabolic processes. While the precise mechanisms of ipamorelin's effects on other signaling pathways remain to be fully elucidated, it has been shown to selectively enhance GH release without significantly affecting levels of other hormones such as ACTH and cortisol.

Research

34 Research Publications

736

Total Citations

9

Human/RCT

1.8

Avg. Influence

2020

Latest

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#01

Determination of growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP) and their major metabolites in human urine for doping controls by means of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

HumanInfluence1.0
86
Researchers observed that a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method effectively extracted and detected growth hormone releasing peptides, including ipamorelin, from human urine, aiding in doping control efforts.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#02

Growth hormone (GH)-independent stimulation of adiposity by GH secretagogues.

AnimalInfluence3.0
85
The study demonstrated that ipamorelin increased body fat and serum leptin levels in both GH-deficient and GH-intact mice through GH-independent mechanisms.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#03

Pharmacological characterisation of a new oral GH secretagogue, NN703.

AnimalInfluence5.0
63
Researchers observed that NN703, derived from ipamorelin, effectively stimulates GH release in swine and beagle dogs, demonstrating its potential as a novel oral growth hormone secretagogue.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#04

Seabream ghrelin: cDNA cloning, genomic organization and promoter studies.

AnimalInfluence1.0
60
The study demonstrated that seabream ghrelin expression is enhanced by ipamorelin administration, suggesting a regulatory mechanism similar to that of the ghrelin/GHSR system in mammals.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#05

Determination of prohibited, small peptides in urine for sports drug testing by means of nano-liquid chromatography/benchtop quadrupole orbitrap tandem-mass spectrometry.

HumanInfluence1.0
59
The study demonstrated a screening assay capable of detecting multiple prohibited peptides, including ipamorelin, in urine, with validation for specificity and sensitivity in doping controls.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#06

Metabolism of growth hormone releasing peptides.

Animal
50
Researchers observed that a comprehensive study on the metabolism of growth hormone-releasing peptides, including hexarelin, identified numerous urinary metabolites useful for doping control.
1 microgram/kgintravenous(human)25 micrograms/kgintravenous(rat)100 micrograms/hcontinuous infusion(rat)6, 30 or 174 h250 microg/kg s. c. twice dailysubcutaneous(dog)6 weeks10 microgintravenous(human)2 microgram kg-1intravenous(human)
PubMed
#07

Novel orally active growth hormone secretagogues.

Animal
37
Researchers observed the discovery of a novel class of growth hormone secretagogues derived from ipamorelin with improved oral bioavailability and in vivo potency.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#08

Efficacy of ipamorelin, a novel ghrelin mimetic, in a rodent model of postoperative ileus.

Venkova Kalina, et al. · The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2009

AnimalInfluence2.0
33
Researchers observed that intravenous infusions of ipamorelin significantly decreased the time to the first bowel movement and increased cumulative fecal pellet output in a rodent model of postoperative ileus.

Key findings

  1. 01A single dose of ipamorelin decreased the time to the first bowel movement in rats after surgery.
  2. 02Repetitive dosing of ipamorelin significantly increased food intake and body weight over 48 hours.
  3. 03The study indicates that intravenous infusions of ipamorelin may improve digestive symptoms in patients recovering from surgery.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#09

A stable meta-carborane enables the generation of boron-rich peptide agonists targeting the ghrelin receptor.

HumanInfluence1.0
32
The study demonstrated that a novel hexapeptide super-agonist modified with carborane effectively activates the ghrelin receptor, indicating its potential for targeted boron delivery in cancer therapy.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
#10

Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the Ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients.

Human
31
The study demonstrated that ipamorelin was well tolerated in patients undergoing bowel resection, with no significant differences in time to tolerate a solid meal compared to placebo.
0.5 mg/kg per daysubcutaneous(rat)12 weeks4.21, 14.02, 42.13, 84.27 and 140.45 nmol/kgintravenous(human)15 minutes0.03-mg/kgintravenous(human)7 days0.01-1 mg/kgintravenous(rat)48 hours100 microg/kgsubcutaneous(rat)3 months0.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)subcutaneous(rat)7 days5 or 30 µgunknown(fish)21 days
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No randomized controlled human trials specifically evaluating the efficacy and safety of ipamorelin for musculoskeletal injuries have been published. Additionally, the long-term effects of ipamorelin use, particularly regarding potential metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular risks, remain unknown.

Solubility

Ipamorelin is soluble in water and DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for clinical use. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for medicinal use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

48 total
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Mechanism

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer