Wiki · Profile

Enclomiphene

Androxal · trans-Clomiphene

Hormonal AxisPhase III

MW: 406g/mol
Formula: C26H28ClNO

Enclomiphene is a non-steroidal estrogen receptor antagonist and the trans isomer of clomiphene citrate, originally developed for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction in women. Researchers primarily study enclomiphene for its potential role in managing secondary male hypogonadism, particularly in men who wish to preserve fertility. Key findings from recent studies indicate that enclomiphene can significantly increase serum testosterone levels by elevating luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, while maintaining normal sperm counts, in contrast to traditional testosterone replacement therapies. Current research continues to explore the efficacy and safety of enclomiphene in various populations, with promising results supporting its use as an alternative to testosterone gel therapy.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Structure

Formula	C26H28ClNO
Molecular Weight	406 g/mol
CAS Number	15690-57-0
PubChem CID	1548953

Half-Life

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Data limited

Enclomiphene is primarily administered orally, and detailed pharmacokinetic data is limited.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Enclomiphene acts primarily as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), antagonizing estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which leads to increased secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) via the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling pathway. This elevation in LH and FSH stimulates endogenous testosterone production in the testes, thereby enhancing serum testosterone levels while preserving spermatogenesis. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying its effects on estrogen receptor signaling remain to be fully elucidated.

Research

27 Research Publications

685

Total Citations

Human/RCT

2.5

Avg. Influence

2025

Latest

Sort

Filter

01Top

#01

Minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate: a large-scale retrospective study.

Case ReportInfluence13.0

123

Researchers observed that minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate resulted in high rates of oocyte retrieval and live births in a large cohort of patients.

150 mgsubcutaneous(beef cows)10 days1 g/dintramuscular(suckled postpartum beef cows)7 days50 mgoral(healthy males)30 days100 microgramssubcutaneous(ovariectomized rat)not specified0.03, 0.1, 1 or 10 mginjection(ewes)not specified50 mgoral(rat)not specified150 mgoral(not specified)not specified

PubMed

02Top

#02

Oral enclomiphene citrate stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and sperm counts in men with low testosterone: comparison with testosterone gel.

HumanInfluence2.0

Researchers observed that enclomiphene citrate significantly increased testosterone and sperm counts in men with secondary hypogonadism compared to topical testosterone gel.

PubMed

03Top

#03

Oral enclomiphene citrate raises testosterone and preserves sperm counts in obese hypogonadal men, unlike topical testosterone: restoration instead of replacement.

HumanInfluence1.0

The study demonstrated that oral enclomiphene citrate increases serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels while preserving sperm counts in obese hypogonadal men, unlike topical testosterone gel.

PubMed

#04

Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone production while preventing oligospermia: a randomized phase II clinical trial comparing topical testosterone.

HumanInfluence2.0

Researchers observed that enclomiphene citrate increases serum testosterone and preserves sperm production in men with secondary hypogonadism, similar to the effects of topical testosterone gel.

PubMed

#05

Effect of clomiphene citrate treatment on endometrial estrogen and progesterone receptor induction in women.

Human

Researchers observed that clomiphene citrate treatment significantly increased serum estradiol and progesterone levels in women, indicating its impact on endometrial steroid receptor induction.

PubMed

#06

Regulation of plasma gonadotropin II secretion by sex steroids, aromatase inhibitors, and antiestrogens in the protandrous black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker.

Animal

Researchers observed that plasma gonadotropin II secretion in black porgy was significantly regulated by estrogen, with enclomiphene showing no stimulatory effect.

PubMed

#07

Estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects of enclomiphene and zuclomiphene on gonadotropin secretion by ovine pituitary cells in culture.

In Vitro

Researchers observed that enclomiphene and zuclomiphene acted as estrogen antagonists in ovine pituitary cells, blocking the effects of estradiol on FSH secretion while having variable effects on LH secretion.

PubMed

#08

Anti-estrogenic compounds increase prolactin and growth hormone synthesis in clonal strains of rat pituitary cells.

In Vitro

The study demonstrated that anti-estrogenic compounds, including enclomiphene, increased prolactin and growth hormone synthesis in rat pituitary cell strains.

PubMed

#09

Enclomiphene, an estrogen receptor antagonist for the treatment of testosterone deficiency in men.

Hill Simon, et al. · IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal · 2009

ReviewInfluence1.0

Researchers studied enclomiphene, a drug that may help increase testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to secondary hypogonadism. They found that enclomiphene effectively restores testosterone levels while maintaining testicular health and may also improve blood sugar levels.

Key findings

01Enclomiphene significantly increased testosterone levels in men with secondary hypogonadism during clinical trials.
02The drug showed a favorable effect on fasting plasma glucose levels.
03Short-term safety data for enclomiphene were comparable to testosterone gels and placebo.

PubMed

#10

Agonist and antagonist activity of en-clomiphene upon oestrogen-mediated events in the uterus, pituitary gland and brain of the rat.

Animal

The study demonstrated that en-clomiphene exhibited both agonist and antagonist activities on estrogen-mediated events in the uterus and pituitary gland of ovariectomized rats.

PubMed

Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

While initial studies suggest that enclomiphene citrate effectively raises testosterone levels and maintains sperm counts, there is a lack of long-term human trials assessing the sustained effects and safety of enclomiphene therapy over extended periods. Additionally, the precise mechanisms by which enclomiphene and its isomers exert their effects on hormone levels and spermatogenesis remain unclear, particularly in different populations and age groups.

Solubility

Enclomiphene has limited solubility in water but is more soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Data limited

Reconstituted

Data limited

Avoid

Avoid exposure to direct light and moisture

Solvent

Data limited

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for therapeutic use. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for therapeutic use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Publications per Year

23 total

Pricing

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Vendor	Amount	Price	Price/mg	Link
BESTProgen PeptidesUS	50mg	$32.99	$0.66/mg	View
Strate LabsUS	12.5mg	$94.95	$7.60/mg	View
Peptide ProsUS	40mg	$1233.75	$30.84/mg	View
Behemoth LabzUS	67mg	—	—	View
Behemoth LabzUS	33mg	—	—	View

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Mechanism

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer