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Enclomiphene

Androxal · trans-Clomiphene

Hormonal AxisPhase III

MW: 406g/mol
Formula: C26H28ClNO

Enclomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and the trans isomer of clomiphene citrate, originally developed for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction in women. Researchers primarily study enclomiphene for its potential role in addressing male hypogonadism, particularly in preserving fertility while increasing testosterone levels. Key findings from recent studies indicate that enclomiphene significantly raises serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, while maintaining normal sperm concentrations, contrasting with the effects of testosterone replacement therapies. Current research continues to explore enclomiphene's efficacy and safety in various male populations, highlighting its promise as an alternative treatment option for those with secondary hypogonadism.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Structure

Formula	C26H28ClNO
Molecular Weight	406 g/mol
CAS Number	15690-57-0
PubChem CID	1548953

Half-Life

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Data limited

Enclomiphene is primarily administered orally, and detailed pharmacokinetic data is limited.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Enclomiphene acts primarily as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), antagonizing estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which leads to increased secretion of gonadotropins, specifically luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This elevation in gonadotropins stimulates endogenous testosterone production in the testes via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, promoting spermatogenesis without adversely affecting semen parameters. The precise signaling pathways involved in this mechanism, particularly in different species, remain to be fully elucidated.

Research

28 Research Publications

693

Total Citations

Human/RCT

2.5

Avg. Influence

2025

Latest

Sort

Filter

01Top

#01

Minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate: a large-scale retrospective study.

Case ReportInfluence13.0

123

The study demonstrated that minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate resulted in high rates of oocyte retrieval and embryo cleavage in a large cohort of patients.

150 mgsubcutaneous(cows)10 days1 g/dintramuscular(cows)7 days50 mgoral(males)30 days50 mg/kgsubcutaneous(rats)single dose250 mgsubcutaneous(ewes)single treatment10 mgsubcutaneous(ewes)every 4 days0.5 µg/mlintrafollicular(hamsters)during incubation

PubMed

02Top

#02

Oral enclomiphene citrate raises testosterone and preserves sperm counts in obese hypogonadal men, unlike topical testosterone: restoration instead of replacement.

HumanInfluence1.0

Researchers observed that enclomiphene citrate increased serum total testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone while maintaining normal sperm concentrations in obese hypogonadal men compared to testosterone gel.

PubMed

03Top

#03

Oral enclomiphene citrate stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and sperm counts in men with low testosterone: comparison with testosterone gel.

HumanInfluence2.0

Researchers observed that oral enclomiphene citrate significantly elevated testosterone and sperm counts in men with secondary hypogonadism, unlike testosterone gel which did not maintain sperm counts.

PubMed

#04

Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone production while preventing oligospermia: a randomized phase II clinical trial comparing topical testosterone.

HumanInfluence2.0

Researchers observed that enclomiphene citrate significantly increased testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels while preserving sperm counts in men with secondary hypogonadism compared to topical testosterone.

PubMed

#05

Effect of clomiphene citrate treatment on endometrial estrogen and progesterone receptor induction in women.

Human

The study demonstrated that clomiphene citrate treatment significantly increased serum estradiol and progesterone levels in women, but also raised concerns about its adverse effects on endometrial steroid receptor induction.

PubMed

#06

Regulation of plasma gonadotropin II secretion by sex steroids, aromatase inhibitors, and antiestrogens in the protandrous black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker.

Animal

Researchers observed that plasma gonadotropin II secretion in the protandrous black porgy was positively regulated by estradiol, while enclomiphene did not stimulate GTH II levels.

PubMed

#07

Estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects of enclomiphene and zuclomiphene on gonadotropin secretion by ovine pituitary cells in culture.

In Vitro

The study demonstrated that enclomiphene and zuclomiphene exhibited both estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects on gonadotropin secretion in ovine pituitary cells, highlighting species-specific responses.

PubMed

#08

Anti-estrogenic compounds increase prolactin and growth hormone synthesis in clonal strains of rat pituitary cells.

In Vitro

The study demonstrated that anti-estrogenic compounds, including enclomiphene, increased prolactin and growth hormone synthesis in clonal strains of rat pituitary cells, contrary to the effects of estradiol.

PubMed

#09

Enclomiphene, an estrogen receptor antagonist for the treatment of testosterone deficiency in men.

Hill Simon, et al. · IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal · 2009

ReviewInfluence1.0

Researchers studied enclomiphene, a drug that may help increase testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to secondary hypogonadism. They found that enclomiphene effectively restores testosterone levels while maintaining testicular health and may also improve blood sugar levels.

Key findings

01Enclomiphene significantly increased testosterone levels in men with secondary hypogonadism during clinical trials.
02The drug showed a favorable effect on fasting plasma glucose levels.
03Short-term safety data for enclomiphene were comparable to testosterone gels and placebo.

PubMed

#10

Agonist and antagonist activity of en-clomiphene upon oestrogen-mediated events in the uterus, pituitary gland and brain of the rat.

Animal

Researchers observed that en-clomiphene exhibited both agonist and antagonist effects on various physiological parameters in ovariectomized rats, with complex interactions affecting serum LH and FSH levels.

PubMed

Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

There is a lack of long-term human trials assessing the safety and efficacy of enclomiphene citrate, particularly concerning its potential effects on fertility and hormonal balance over extended periods. Additionally, the precise mechanisms by which enclomiphene influences gonadotropin secretion and testosterone levels in men remain unclear, necessitating further investigation into its pharmacodynamics and interactions within the endocrine system.

Solubility

Enclomiphene has limited solubility in water but is more soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Data limited

Reconstituted

Data limited

Avoid

Avoid exposure to direct light and moisture

Solvent

Data limited

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA for therapeutic use. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not approved by the TGA for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA for therapeutic use.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Publications per Year

23 total

Pricing

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Price/mg
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12.5mg
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40mg
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Vendor	Amount	Price	Price/mg	Link
BESTProgen PeptidesUS	50mg	$32.99	$0.66/mg	View
Umbrella LabsUS	33mg	$89.99	$2.73/mg	View
Umbrella LabsUS	12.5mg	$79.99	$6.40/mg	View
Strate LabsUS	12.5mg	$94.95	$7.60/mg	View
Peptide ProsUS	40mg	$1233.75	$30.84/mg	View

Top 5 of 10 offers from 6 vendors. Prices updated daily.

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Mechanism

Tools

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer