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Humanin

HN · Humanin peptide

Anti-Aging & LongevityPreclinical
From$7.00/mgCompare prices
MW
2687.2g/mol
Formula
C119H204N34O32S2

Humanin is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded within the mitochondrial genome, recognized for its cytoprotective properties. Researchers primarily study humanin for its potential roles in metabolic regulation, neuroprotection, and its implications in aging and chronic diseases. Key findings indicate that humanin can enhance insulin sensitivity and protect against oxidative stress, with evidence suggesting its involvement in exercise-induced neuroprotection and improved sperm viability in buffalo bulls. Current research is focused on elucidating the mechanisms of humanin action and exploring its therapeutic potential in various degenerative diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC119H204N34O32S2
Molecular Weight2687.2 g/mol
CAS Number330936-69-1
PubChem CID16131438

Half-Life

POOral

Poor bioavailability

Pharmacokinetic data is limited, with variability depending on administration route.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Humanin (HN) acts primarily through interaction with the insulin receptor and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), leading to the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which promotes cell survival and metabolic homeostasis. It also enhances AMPK activation, inhibiting the folate cycle and de novo purine biosynthesis, thereby influencing energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. While HN's protective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis are well-documented, the complete mechanism of action and all involved pathways remain to be fully elucidated.

Research

86 Research Publications

3,691

Total Citations

14

Human/RCT

4.6

Avg. Influence

2025

Latest

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#01

The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance.

Lee Changhan, et al. · Cell metabolism · 2015

AnimalInfluence63.0
637
Researchers observed that the mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c regulates insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis in mice, preventing age-dependent and high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance and obesity.

Key findings

  1. 01MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide that influences metabolic health by targeting skeletal muscle.
  2. 02MOTS-c treatment in mice reduced insulin resistance associated with aging and high-fat diets.
  3. 03The study suggests that mitochondria may actively contribute to metabolic regulation through peptides encoded in their DNA.
15 mg/kginjection(rat)3 weeks30 mg/kgintraperitoneal(rat)not specified
PubMed
#02

The emerging role of the mitochondrial-derived peptide humanin in stress resistance.

ReviewInfluence6.0
189
PubMed
#03

The Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide Humanin Protects RPE Cells From Oxidative Stress, Senescence, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

In VitroInfluence8.0
160
The study demonstrated that humanin protected human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death and restored mitochondrial bioenergetics through STAT3 phosphorylation.
PubMed
#04

Mitochondrially derived peptides as novel regulators of metabolism.

ReviewInfluence9.0
156
Researchers observed that Humanin and other mitochondrial-derived peptides regulate metabolism by reducing weight gain and increasing insulin release in mice.
PubMed
#05

N-Formylated humanin activates both formyl peptide receptor-like 1 and 2.

In VitroInfluence9.0
118
Researchers observed that humanin and its N-formylated variant activate formyl peptide receptors, demonstrating strong chemotactic activity and potential neuroprotective effects.
PubMed
#06

Mitochondrial-derived peptides in energy metabolism.

ReviewInfluence3.0
116
Researchers observed that mitochondrial-derived peptides, including humanin, are associated with metabolic conditions and may enhance insulin sensitivity in rodents.
PubMed
#07

Cytoprotective peptide humanin binds and inhibits proapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax family protein BimEL.

In VitroInfluence8.0
110
Researchers observed that humanin binds to and inhibits the proapoptotic protein BimEL, contributing to its cytoprotective effects against apoptosis.
PubMed
#08

Humanin and age-related diseases: a new link?

ReviewInfluence4.0
98
Researchers observed that humanin and its analogs exhibit beneficial effects in various age-related diseases, suggesting a potential link between humanin levels and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis in aging.
PubMed
#09

Mitochondrial stress and mitokines in aging.

ReviewInfluence1.0
95
Researchers observed that alterations in mitokine levels, including humanin, are associated with aging processes and may influence the development of age-related diseases, emphasizing the importance of maintaining mitokine homeostasis.
PubMed
#10

The mitochondrial-derived peptide humanin activates the ERK1/2, AKT, and STAT3 signaling pathways and has age-dependent signaling differences in the hippocampus.

AnimalInfluence6.0
90
Researchers observed that humanin activates AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 signaling pathways in the hippocampus of old mice, highlighting its age-dependent effects on neuroprotection.
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No randomized controlled human trials specifically evaluating the therapeutic effects of humanin in various diseases have been published. Additionally, the long-term effects of humanin supplementation and its precise mechanisms of action in different cellular contexts remain unclear, particularly regarding its role in cancer progression and chemoresistance.

Solubility

Humanin is soluble in water and aqueous buffers.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not listed in the TGA schedules.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA as a medicinal product.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

49 total
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14
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25
Pricing

Price Comparison

  • BESTUmbrella LabsUS
    10mg
    $69.99
    Price/mg
    $7.00/mg
    View
  • Peptide ProsUS
    5mg
    $48.40
    Price/mg
    $9.68/mg
    View
  • LabSourcedUS
    10mg
    $119.00
    $101.15
    Price/mg
    $11.90$10.12/mg
    View−15% · PEPSTACK
  • RCpeptidesEU
    10mg
    $135.00
    Price/mg
    $13.50/mg
    View
  • Umbrella LabsUS
    5mg
    $99.99
    Price/mg
    $20.00/mg
    View

Top 5 of 23 offers from 13 vendors. Prices updated daily.

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Mechanism

Tools

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer