Skip to main content
PepStack
Wiki · Profile

NMN

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide · Beta-NMN

Anti-Aging & LongevityPhase II
From$1.20/mgCompare prices
MW
334.22g/mol
Formula
C11H15N2O8P

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide derived from ribose and nicotinamide, serving as a crucial precursor in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential cofactor in cellular metabolism. Researchers primarily study NMN for its potential role in enhancing metabolic function and mitigating age-related physiological decline. Key findings from recent studies indicate that NMN supplementation can improve muscle insulin sensitivity and metabolic signaling in prediabetic women, as well as alleviate age-associated physiological decline in mice, promoting energy metabolism and physical activity. Additionally, preclinical evidence suggests that NMN may play a role in maintaining mitochondrial function and supporting immune cell activity. Current research continues to explore the therapeutic potential of NMN in various metabolic and age-related conditions, highlighting its significance in the field of aging and metabolic health.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC11H15N2O8P
Molecular Weight334.22 g/mol
CAS Number1094-61-7
PubChem CID14180
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL610238

Half-Life

IVIntravenous

~30 minutes

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

NMN is rapidly converted to NAD+ in tissues, impacting its pharmacokinetic profile.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) acts as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), enhancing its biosynthesis and subsequently activating key signaling pathways such as the insulin signaling pathway, which involves the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, thereby improving muscle insulin sensitivity and remodeling. NMN also influences mitochondrial metabolism and promotes mitophagy, potentially through the SIRT3 pathway, while its effects on natural killer (NK) cell function are linked to NAD+ salvage pathways that regulate mitochondrial homeostasis and cytokine production. The precise mechanisms underlying NMN's effects on various biological processes, particularly in immune modulation and aging, are still being elucidated.

Research

84 Research Publications

4,359

Total Citations

11

Human/RCT

6.7

Avg. Influence

2023

Latest

Sort
Filter
#01

Nicotinamide mononucleotide, a key NAD(+) intermediate, treats the pathophysiology of diet- and age-induced diabetes in mice.

AnimalInfluence71.0
1294
Researchers observed that NMN ameliorates glucose intolerance and restores NAD+ levels in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mice, enhancing insulin sensitivity.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#02

Long-Term Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Mitigates Age-Associated Physiological Decline in Mice.

Mills Kathryn F, et al. · Cell metabolism · 2016

AnimalInfluence37.0
803
Researchers observed that long-term NMN administration mitigates age-associated physiological decline in mice by enhancing energy metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed that NMN administration improved energy metabolism in aging mice.
  2. 02The study found that NMN helped maintain muscle strength and function as the mice aged.
  3. 03Researchers noted improvements in overall physiological health markers in the NMN-treated mice compared to those that did not receive it.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#03

Impairment of an Endothelial NAD+-H2S Signaling Network Is a Reversible Cause of Vascular Aging.

AnimalInfluence9.0
447
Researchers observed that NMN treatment improves blood flow and increases capillary density in elderly mice by promoting SIRT1-dependent pro-angiogenic signals.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#04

Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women.

Yoshino Mihoko, et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021

HumanInfluence22.0
349
The study demonstrated that NMN supplementation increases muscle insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling in prediabetic women who are overweight or obese.

Key findings

  1. 01Researchers observed that NMN increased muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women.
  2. 02The study suggests that NMN may play a role in improving metabolic health.
  3. 03Findings indicate potential benefits of NMN in addressing insulin resistance related to obesity and aging.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#05

The multifaceted regulation of mitophagy by endogenous metabolites.

ReviewInfluence3.0
170
Researchers observed that endogenous metabolites, including NMN, play a significant role in regulating mitophagy in mammalian cells, linking metabolic status to mitochondrial quality control.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#06

NAD+ rescues aging-induced blood-brain barrier damage via the CX43-PARP1 axis.

AnimalInfluence3.0
99
The study demonstrated that NMN supplementation rescues aging-induced blood-brain barrier damage via the CX43-PARP1 axis, improving NAD+ levels and reducing BBB leakage.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#07

NAMPT in regulated NAD biosynthesis and its pivotal role in human metabolism.

ReviewInfluence4.0
75
Researchers observed that NAMPT plays a crucial role in NAD biosynthesis and metabolism, highlighting its potential as a target for cancer therapy.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#08

Detection and pharmacological modulation of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in vitro and in vivo.

In VitroInfluence6.0
73
Researchers observed that NMN is highly enriched in mitochondria and reduces NAD and ATP depletion in cells undergoing PARP-1 hyperactivation, delaying cell death.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#09

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation ameliorates the impact of maternal obesity in mice: comparison with exercise.

AnimalInfluence3.0
68
The study demonstrated that NMN supplementation can reverse some metabolic dysfunctions caused by maternal obesity in mice, showing stronger effects on liver fat metabolism compared to exercise.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
#10

NAD + salvage governs mitochondrial metabolism, invigorating natural killer cell antitumor immunity.

Animal
63
The study demonstrated that NMN supplementation invigorates NK cell antitumor immunity by enhancing NAD+ levels and mitochondrial homeostasis, improving their proliferation and cytokine production.
1200 mg/doral(human)7 d
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

While NMN supplementation has shown promising effects in specific populations, there is a lack of extensive long-term human trials to assess the sustained efficacy and safety of NMN in diverse demographics. Additionally, the precise molecular mechanisms by which NMN influences various metabolic pathways and its potential interactions with other cellular processes remain unclear, particularly in the context of aging and disease.

Solubility

NMN is soluble in water and has limited solubility in organic solvents like DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance.

🇦🇺AU

Not listed in the TGA scheduling. Considered a supplement.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by MHRA as a medicinal product. Considered a supplement.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

50 total
1
11
1
16
1
17
1
18
1
19
1
20
5
21
4
22
4
23
10
24
13
25
8
26
Pricing

Price Comparison

  • BESTUmbrella LabsUS
    50mg
    $59.99
    Price/mg
    $1.20/mg
    View
  • Behemoth LabzUS
    250mg
    —
    Price/mg
    —
    View

Top 5 of 2 offers from 3 vendors. Prices updated daily.

See all NMN prices
Mechanism

Tools

Reconstitution Calculator

Calculate reconstitution volumes for NMN

Serum Level Visualizer

Visualize NMN serum levels over time

Mechanism

Related Peptides

MOTS-cSpermidineHumaninVilonFOXO4-DRINAD+

Track NMN in PepStack

Log your research cycles, set reminders and visualize serum levels.

Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play
Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer