Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine, classified as a biogenic amine, that is synthesized from the amino acid ornithine and is found in various biological systems, including plants and animals. Researchers primarily study spermidine for its potential roles in promoting autophagy, enhancing cellular health, and extending lifespan. Key findings from recent studies indicate that spermidine supplementation can improve cardiovascular function and reduce neuroinflammation, particularly in models of Alzheimer's disease, by activating autophagy and modulating inflammatory responses. Additionally, spermidine has been identified as a critical factor in overcoming resistance to cancer therapies, as it influences the translation of key proteins involved in tumor progression. Current research continues to explore the diverse biological effects of spermidine and its mechanisms of action across various health contexts.