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MOTS-c

Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c

Anti-Aging & LongevityPhase II
From$1.80/mgCompare prices
MW
2174.6g/mol
Formula
C101H152N28O22S2

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide derived from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA, classified as a mitochondrial-derived peptide. Researchers primarily study MOTS-c for its role in regulating metabolic homeostasis and its potential implications in conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Key findings from recent studies indicate that MOTS-c enhances insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and reduces myostatin levels, which are associated with muscle atrophy and metabolic dysfunction. Additionally, preclinical evidence suggests that MOTS-c can translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression in response to metabolic stress, highlighting its role in mitonuclear communication. Current research is focused on elucidating the mechanisms of MOTS-c action and its potential therapeutic applications in metabolic and cancer-related disorders.

Chemical Profile

Chemical Profile

Chemical structure
Chemical Structure
FormulaC101H152N28O22S2
Molecular Weight2174.6 g/mol
CAS Number1627580-64-6
PubChem CID146675088

Half-Life

INIntranasal

Not applicable

POOral

Poor bioavailability

Pharmacokinetic data are limited, with ongoing research to determine specific half-life values.

Mechanism

Mechanism of Action

MOTS-c primarily targets skeletal muscle, where it activates the AMPK signaling pathway by inhibiting the folate cycle and de novo purine biosynthesis, leading to enhanced insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis. It also reduces myostatin levels through the CK2-PTEN-mTORC2-AKT-FOXO1 signaling cascade, thereby mitigating muscle atrophy. Additionally, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus to regulate gene expression in response to metabolic stress via interactions with antioxidant response elements and stress-responsive transcription factors, although the complete mechanism remains to be fully elucidated.

Research

71 Research Publications

1,894

Total Citations

11

Human/RCT

3.3

Avg. Influence

2024

Latest

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#01

The Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c Translocates to the Nucleus to Regulate Nuclear Gene Expression in Response to Metabolic Stress.

Kim Kyung Hwa, et al. · Cell metabolism · 2018

In VitroInfluence18.0
259
The study demonstrated that MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus and regulates gene expression in response to metabolic stress via AMPK activation.

Key findings

  1. 01MOTS-c, a peptide from the mitochondrial genome, can enter the nucleus and influence gene expression.
  2. 02This regulation occurs in response to metabolic stress, particularly during glucose restriction.
  3. 03MOTS-c interacts with specific transcription factors that help manage the cell's antioxidant response.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#02

MOTS-c: A novel mitochondrial-derived peptide regulating muscle and fat metabolism.

ReviewInfluence8.0
162
The study demonstrated that MOTS-c enhances glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle, suggesting its role in regulating obesity and diabetes in humans.
PubMed
#03

MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis.

AnimalInfluence16.0
147
The study demonstrated that MOTS-c enhances physical performance and regulates muscle metabolism in mice across different ages, indicating its role in promoting healthy aging.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#04

The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c: a player in exceptional longevity?

ReviewInfluence2.0
96
The study suggested that the m.1382A>C polymorphism in the MOTS-c encoding mtDNA may contribute to the exceptional longevity observed in the Northeast Asian population.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#05

Mitochondria related peptide MOTS-c suppresses ovariectomy-induced bone loss via AMPK activation.

AnimalInfluence3.0
80
Researchers observed that MOTS-c administration mitigates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis through AMPK activation.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#06

MOTS-c peptide regulates adipose homeostasis to prevent ovariectomy-induced metabolic dysfunction.

AnimalInfluence4.0
72
The study demonstrated that MOTS-c prevents ovariectomy-induced obesity and insulin resistance by activating the AMPK pathway in mice.
PubMed
#07

MOTS-c peptide increases survival and decreases bacterial load in mice infected with MRSA.

AnimalInfluence2.0
63
Researchers observed that MOTS-c increased survival and reduced bacterial load in MRSA-infected mice, while modulating inflammatory cytokine levels.
PubMed
#08

MOTS-c inhibits Osteolysis in the Mouse Calvaria by affecting osteocyte-osteoclast crosstalk and inhibiting inflammation.

AnimalInfluence2.0
60
Researchers observed that MOTS-c inhibits osteolysis in a mouse model by regulating osteocyte-osteoclast crosstalk and suppressing inflammation via the AMPK-PGC-1α-ROS axis.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#09

The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c relieves hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Yin Yadong, et al. · Pharmacological research · 2022

AnimalInfluence1.0
55
The study demonstrated that MOTS-c alleviates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in a gestational diabetes mouse model, improving maternal and offspring outcomes.

Key findings

  1. 01MOTS-c significantly reduced high blood sugar levels and improved insulin sensitivity in mice with GDM.
  2. 02The peptide also enhanced glucose tolerance and reduced adverse reproductive outcomes, such as lower birth weights and offspring mortality.
  3. 03MOTS-c was shown to protect pancreatic cells from damage caused by a diabetes-inducing treatment.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
#10

Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTS-c Increases Adipose Thermogenic Activation to Promote Cold Adaptation.

AnimalInfluence4.0
52
Researchers observed that MOTS-c treatment enhanced cold adaptation by promoting thermogenic activation in adipose tissues in mice.
20 Gynot specified(mouse)not specified15 mg/kgdaily injection(rat)3 weeks10 mg/kgintraperitoneal(mouse)not specified
PubMed
Safety

Safety & Handling

Research Gaps

No randomized controlled human trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MOTS-c in human populations, particularly in the context of gestational diabetes and cancer treatment. Additionally, the long-term effects of MOTS-c administration on metabolic health and cancer progression remain unclear, as well as the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its actions in different tissues and conditions.

Solubility

MOTS-c is soluble in water and aqueous buffers, with limited solubility in organic solvents like DMSO.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized

Stable for 2+ years at -20°C, 12 months at 4°C

Reconstituted

Use within 14 days when refrigerated at 4°C

Avoid

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, direct light

Solvent

Bacteriostatic water or sterile saline recommended

Safety information is derived from published research and may not reflect all known risks. This is not medical advice.

Legal Status

Legal Status

🇩🇪DE

Not approved as a medicinal product. Not a controlled substance. Sale as research chemical is a legal grey area.

🇺🇸US

Not approved by the FDA as a medicinal product. Not scheduled by the DEA.

🇦🇺AU

Not listed in the TGA scheduling. Not approved for therapeutic use.

🇬🇧UK

Not approved by the MHRA as a medicinal product. Legal status as a research chemical is unclear.

Legal status information is provided for general reference only and may not reflect the most current regulatory changes. Always verify with official government sources before making any decisions.

Community Insights

Community Insights

Publications per Year

49 total
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Pricing

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Top 5 of 82 offers from 60 vendors. Prices updated daily.

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Mechanism

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Mechanism

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Legal Disclaimer

This page is for informational and research purposes only. All information is based on published scientific literature and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Many substances listed may not be approved for human use and may be subject to drug regulation laws (e.g., AMG in Germany, FDA in the US). PepStack does not encourage the use of any substance on humans. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions. Use of this information is entirely at your own risk. PepStack assumes no liability for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content provided. Full disclaimer